Teplovaya vspyshka v gelievom sloevom istochnike
[glossarii]

Teplovaya neustoichivost' v nevyrozhdennyh gelievyh sloevyh istochnikah. Harakterna dlya zvezd na asimptoticheskoi vetvi sverhgigantov. Vspyshek byvaet do neskol'kih desyatkov na protyazhenii ot desyatkov do soten tysyach let dlya zvezd raznyh mass.

Sverhgigant
[glossarii]

Samye yarkie i samye bol'shie iz nablyudaemyh zvezd. Razlichayut golubye i krasnye sverhgiganty. Golubye sverhgigany yavlyayutsya molodymi zvezdami glavnoi posledovatel'nosti k nim otnositsya, naprimer, Regul. Krasnye sverhgiganty, naoborot, yavlyayutsya starymi sil'no proevolyucionirovavshimi zvezdami na vetvi sverhgigantov, k nim otnositsya Betel'geize. Starye sverhgiganty imeyut radiusy ot 100 do 1000R

Sverhnovaya Tipa I
[glossarii]

Zvezda (belyi karlik) vhodyashaya v dvoinuyu sistemu i akkreciruyushaya materiyu so zvezdy-kompan'ona. Esli massa belogo karlika dostignet 1.44M (sm. predel Chandrasekhara), to on skollapsiruet i vzorvetsya kak Sverhnovaya Tipa I. Sverhnovye raznyh tipov (Tipa I i Tipa II) razlichayutsya po forme krivyh bleska i po emissionnym spektram.

Neitronnaya zvezda
[glossarii]

Ochen' malen'kaya (R ot 10 km do 100 km.), ochen' plotnaya (10¹⁴g/sm³) zvezda s massoi 1.4M<M<3M, sostoyashaya iz neitronov, gidrostaticheskoe ravnovesie v kotoroi podderzhivaetsya davleniem vyrozhdennogo neitronnogo gaza. Bol'shinstvo

Krasnyi karlik
[glossarii]

Zvezdy s massami 0.08M<M<0.5M, svetimostyami L10^-3-10^-4L

Krasnyi gigant
[glossarii]

Holodnye (T 3000-5000 K), bol'shie zvezdy (10-200 R ), s vysokoi svetimost'yu (L 10 2 -10 4 L ). Imeyut malen'koe inertnoe yadro, sostoyashee iz geliya, sloevoi istochnik, vokrug yadra v kotorom gorit vodorod i ochen' protyazhennuyu konvektivnuyu zonu.

Korichnevyi karlik
[glossarii]

(buryi karlik - brown dwarf) - ob'ekt maloi massy (M < 0.08M), v kotoroi nikogda ne zagoritsya vodorod v yadre iz-za maloi temperatury. Nizhnii predel mass ne opredelen. Poverhnostnaya temperatera okolo 1000 K. Svetimost' L/L

Zheleznyi pik
[glossarii]

Elementy gruppy zheleza ot skandiya Sc do nikelya Ni, do kotoryh sovershayutsya yadernye prevrasheniya v yadrah massivnyh zvezd. V yadrah zvezd eti reakcii idut s vydeleniem energii. Dlya sinteza bolee tyazhelyh elementov v zvezde neobhodima zatrata energii i pri obychnyh usloviyah v yadrah zvezd takoi sintez ne proishodit.

Gelievyi belyi karlik
[glossarii]

Konechnyi etap evolyucii zvezdy maloi massy, v kotoroi prevrashenie vodoroda v gelii yavlyaetsya konechnoi stadiei. Sostoit pochti celikom iz geliya s vodorodnoi obolochkoi. Gravitacionnoe ravnovesie podderzhivaetsya vyrozhdennym elektronnym gazom.

Gelievaya vspyshka v yadre
[glossarii]

Vzryvoobraznyi harakter zagoraniya geliya v vyrozhdennom yadre krasnyh gigantov. Harakteren tol'ko dlya zvezd s massami men'she 3 solnechnyh, tak kak tol'ko v nih razvivaetsya gelievoe yadro sostoyashee iz vyrozhdennogo elektronnogo gaza (massa yadra ne dolzhna prevyshat' 1.4M - tak nazyvaemyi predel Chandrasekhara). Dlya vyrozhdennogo gaza harakterna pochti polnaya