Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 15 po 21 yanvarya 2024 goda9.01.2024 13:26 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Dlya znatokov astronomii. Mozhet li Luna voobshe ne voshodit' v gorode S.-Peterburge?
Otvety mozhno davat' v kommentariyah k dannoi stranichke.
Na dannoi nedele 15 yanvarya Luna (F= 0,25+) proidet yuzhnee Neptuna (pokrytie pri vidimosti v Yuzhnoi Amerike). 17 yanvarya Luna (F= 0,44+) okazhetsya v voshodyashem uzle svoei orbity, a 18 yanvarya pri faze 0,58+ proidet severnee Yupitera. 19 yanvarya Luna (F= 0,68+) proidet severnee Urana. 20 yanvarya asteroid Eleonora (354) vstupit v protivostoyanie Solncem, a Luna (F= 0,72+) budet imet' maksimal'nuyu vostochnuyu libraciyu po dolgote 6 gradusov. V etot zhe den' Luna (F= 0,76+) budet nablyudat'sya bliz Pleyad i Giad (pokrytie nekotoryh zvezd Pleyad pri vidimosti v Avstralii). 21 yanvarya Luna (F= 0,82+) proidet severnee Al'debarana. Na nochnom nebe vidny dve dostatochno yarkie komety P/Pons-Brooks (12P) i P/Tsuchinshan (62P), kotorye dostupny dlya nablyudenii v binokl'. Interesno takzhe, chto v sozvezdii Ovna okolo komety P/Kushida (144P) nahoditsya asteroid s takim zhe nomerom (144) Vibilia, a Vesta nablyudaetsya bliz M1.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya ot 13 do 14 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 8 chasov 00 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca umen'shaetsya ot 32,52 do 32,51 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca, 20 yanvarya perehodya v sozvezdie Kozeroga. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu pervoi chetverti 18 yanvarya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Vodoleya, Ryb, Ovna, Tel'ca, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,16+ do 0,86+ i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Vodoleya. Zdes' Luna (F= 0,12+) 14 yanvarya proidet yuzhnee Saturna. 15 yanvarya pri faze 0,25+ Luna proidet yuzhnee Neptuna (pokrytie pri vidimosti v Yuzhnoi Amerike). 16 yanvarya nochnoe svetilo pereidet v sozvezdie Ryb pri faze 0,26+. V etot zhe den' pri faze okolo 0,35+ lunnyi serp pobyvaet v sozvezdii Kita, vnov' pereidya v sozvezdie Ryb pri faze 0,36+. Zdes' 18 yanvarya Luna primet fazu pervoi chetverti, a pri faze 0,51+ vstupit v sozvezdie Ovna, gde v etot den' pri faze 0,58+ proidet severnee Yupitera. 19 yanvarya pri faze 0,68+ nochnoe svetilo proidet severnee Urana, a 20 yanvarya (F= 0,72+) pereidet v sozvezdie Tel'ca, gde v etot den' budet nablyudat'sya bliz Pleyad i Giad pri faze okolo 0,76+. 21 yanvarya yarkaya Luna (F= 0,82+) proidet severnee Al'debarana. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii, Venera i Mars nahodyatsya na utrennem nebe, Yupiter i Uran nablyudayutsya vecherom i noch'yu, a Saturn i Neptun - po vecheram. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Pons-Brooks (12P) s bleskom okolo 8m nahoditsya bliz zvezdy gamma Lebedya, a kometa P/Tsuchinshan (62P) bliz zvezdy beta L'va s bleskom okolo 8m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskih kalendaryah na blizhaishie gody. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (7m) v sozvezdii Tel'ca (bliz M1).
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Obzor interesnyh yavlenii ot Andreya Klimkovskogo imeetsya na Astroforume v teme Astronomicheskie nablyudeniya.
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Merkurii viden na fone utrennei zari levee Venery. Uglovoe rasstoyanie bystroi planety ot Solnca sostavlyaet okolo 22 gradusov. Blesk Merkuriya priderzhivaetsya znacheniya -0,2m, vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 6 sekund dugi, a faza uvelichivaetsya ot 0,68 do 0,79. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 1,06 do 1,17 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh maksimal'nyh elongacii 2024 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2024 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca, 20 yanvarya perehodya v sozvezdie Strel'ca. Venera nablyudaetsya na utrennem nebe v vide samoi yarkoi zvezdy. Elongaciya planety umen'shaetsya do 33 gradusov k zapadu ot Solnca, a vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 13 uglovyh sekund. Blesk Venery imeet znachenie okolo -4m pri faze okolo 0,8. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi uvelichivaetsya ot 1,27 do 1,31 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Mars viden na fone utrennei zari (luchshe vsego v yuzhnyh shirotah strany). Blesk planety sostavlyaet +1,3m, a vidimyi diametr - okolo 4 sekund dugi. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 2,38 do 2,36 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Yupiter viden na vechernem i nochnom nebe. Vidimyi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 42 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,4m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 4,70 - 4,81 a.e.. Bol'shie sputniki Yupitera vidny uzhe v binokl'. V nebol'shoi teleskop (v period vidimosti) mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii i yavleniya (prohozhdeniya i pokrytiya) v sisteme sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Saturn mozhno nablyudat' po vecheram. Blesk planety sostavlyaet +0,9m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 16 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm (luchshe vsego v period protivostoyaniya). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 10,46 do 10,53 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) imeet popyatnoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ovna. Uran viden na vechernem i nochnom nebe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya ot 19,18 do 19,29 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Nevooruzhennym glazom planetu mozhno nablyudat' vblizi protivostoyaniya v bezlunnye nochi. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den'.
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Ryb. Neptun mozhno nablyudat' po vecheram. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 30,37 do 30,47 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' .
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya u granicy sozvezdii Strel'ca i Kozeroga na rasstoyanii okolo 35 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru ( raznaya astroinformaciya i zhurnal Nebosvod )
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son.
Cerera (1)
16 Jan 2024 17h21m52.42s S21 36' 46.8" 2.772 3.534 9.0 33.9 59.50 97.7 Oph
21 Jan 2024 17h30m14.64s S21 51' 43.0" 2.777 3.498 9.0 37.0 58.61 97.0 Oph
Pallada (2)
16 Jan 2024 15h42m40.82s N 2 14' 50.6" 2.663 2.938 9.6 64.3 56.21 75.3 Ser
21 Jan 2024 15h49m47.46s N 2 45' 12.8" 2.675 2.892 9.6 67.5 54.91 72.8 Ser
Yunona (3)
16 Jan 2024 11h20m25.28s S 1 30' 38.1" 2.547 1.870 9.5 123.3 6.84 351.1 Leo
21 Jan 2024 11h20m00.90s S 1 14' 18.5" 2.561 1.829 9.4 128.6 11.32 327.7 Leo
Vesta (4)
16 Jan 2024 5h31m48.23s N21 37' 24.4" 2.559 1.668 6.9 148.4 27.33 282.9 Tau
21 Jan 2024 5h28m25.67s N21 49' 57.0" 2.557 1.705 7.0 142.6 22.26 285.8 Tau
Astreya (5)
16 Jan 2024 6h05m09.62s N17 24' 34.4" 2.170 1.236 9.7 155.5 30.09 288.2 Ori
21 Jan 2024 6h01m37.85s N17 44' 06.0" 2.164 1.256 9.8 149.8 25.37 292.7 Ori
Metida (9)
16 Jan 2024 5h38m46.88s N28 14' 09.5" 2.113 1.203 9.1 149.9 22.58 277.1 Tau
21 Jan 2024 5h35m59.10s N28 19' 32.9" 2.116 1.237 9.2 144.3 16.15 277.1 Tau
Mel'pomena (18)
16 Jan 2024 3h01m31.83s N 2 43' 09.9" 1.939 1.392 9.8 108.2 45.78 49.3 Cet
21 Jan 2024 3h06m28.66s N 3 43' 09.5" 1.949 1.451 9.9 104.7 49.19 52.4 Cet
Eleonora (354)
16 Jan 2024 7h55m44.69s N 8 40' 58.1" 2.525 1.556 9.7 167.4 40.76 305.3 CMi
21 Jan 2024 7h51m20.54s N 9 29' 47.4" 2.522 1.550 9.7 168.5 41.82 307.0 CMi
a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0,
r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.),
m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas),
RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2024 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii yanvarya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v Kalendare nablyudatelya na blizhaishie mesyacy, Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2024 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
15 yanvarya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,23+) bliz Neptuna (pokrytie pri vidimosti v Yuzhnoi Amerike).
16 yanvarya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Kometa P/Pons-Brooks (12P) bliz zvezdy gamma Lebedya.
17 yanvarya, 14 chasov 04 minuty - Luna (F= 0,44+) v voshodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
18 yanvarya, 03 chasa 53 minuty - Luna v faze pervoi chetverti.
19 yanvarya, noch' - Luna (F= 0,68+) prohodit severnee Urana.
20 yanvarya, noch' - Luna (F= 0,76+) bliz Pleyad i Giad (pokrytie Pleyad pri vidimosti v Avstralii).
21 yanvarya, noch' - Luna (F= 0,8+) bliz Al'debarana.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba na nuzhnyi den' nedeli i na nuzhnoe vremya dlya vashego punkta nablyudeniya mozhno poluchit' pri pomoshi karty neba na Astronet
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 01 - 2024 AstroKA; GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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