Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 3 po 9 yanvarya 2022 goda30.12.2021 13:55 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
S novym godom! Zhelaem vam v novom godu yasnogo neba, uspeshnyh nablyudenii i novyh znanii o vselennoi!
Na dannoi nedele 4 yanvarya Luna (F= 0,03+) proidet yuzhnee Merkuriya, a Zemlya dostignet perigeliya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 0,9833365 a.e. ot Solnca. V etot zhe den' nastupit maksimum deistviya meteornogo potoka Kvadrantidy iz sozvezdiya Volopasa (ZHR= 120), a Luna (F= 0,06+) proidet yuzhnee Saturna. 6 yanvarya Luna (F= 0,15+) proidet yuzhnee Yupitera. 7 yanvarya Merkurii dostignet maksimal'noi vechernei (vostochnoi) elongacii 19 gradusov, a Luna (F= 0,27+) proidet yuzhnee Neptuna. 8 yanvarya proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,33+) zvezdy 30 Ryb (4,3m) pri vidimosti na Dal'nem Vostoke, a 9 yanvarya Venera dostignet nizhnego soedineniya s Solncem.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya do 12 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 7 chasov 25 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 32,53 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu pervoi chetverti 9 yanvarya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Strel'ca, Kozeroga, Vodoleya i Ryb, izmenyaya fazu ot 0 do 0,5+ i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Strel'ca, perehodya zatem (F= 0,02+) v sozvezdie Kozeroga. Zdes' molodoi mesyac proidet yuzhnee Merkuriya (F= 0,03+), a zatem yuzhnee Saturna (F= 0,06+) 4 yanvarya. 5 yanvarya Luna (F= 0,12+) voidet v sozvezdie Vodoleya, gde 6 yanvarya proidet yuzhnee Yupitera pri faze 0,15+. 7 yanvarya Luna proidet yuzhnee Neptuna pri faze 0,27+, a 8 yanvarya pereidet v sozvezdie Ryb (F= 0,33+). V etot zhe den' lunnyi serp pereidet v sozvezdie Kita pri faze 0,39+, a 9 yanvarya vnov' peresechet granicu sozvezdiya Ryb pri faze 0,48+. Zdes' Luna primet fazu pervoi chetverti 9 yanvarya, a zatem ustremitsya k sozvezdiyu Ovna, kotorogo dostignet 11 yanvarya pri faze 0,62+. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii viden na fone vechernei zari, a Venera zakanchivaet vechernyuyu vidimost'. Mars nablyudaetsya na fone utrennei zari, a Yupiter i Saturn nahodyatsya na vechernem nebe. Uran i Neptun mozhno nablyudat' v binokl' vecherom i noch'yu. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet imeyutsya v pechatnoi versii v AK_2022 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1769488. Efemeridy Solnca, Luny i planet na kazhdyi den' - http://astropixels.com/.
Iz komet (naibolee dostupnyh dlya lyubitelei astronomii) hvostataya strannica P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P) s bleskom okolo 10m peremeshaetsya po sozvezdiyu Raka, a kometa Leonard (C/2021 A1) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Yuzhnoi Ryby pri bleske okolo 6m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na yanvar', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2022 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii - na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Cerera (7,7m) v sozvezdii Tel'ca (bliz Giad i Pleyad) i Irida (7,7m) v sozvezdii Bliznecov.
Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Merkurii mozhno naiti na fone vechernei zari. Elongaciya planety priderzhivaetsya znacheniya okolo 19 gradusov k vostoku ot Solnca. Blesk planety umen'shaetsya ot -0,7 do -0,3m, a uglovye razmery sostavlyayut okolo 7 sekund dugi pri faze, umen'shayusheisya ot 0,8 do 0,5. V teleskop mozhno nablyudat' krohotnyi poludisk bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 1,10 do 0,92 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2022 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2022 god. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2022.html
Venera. Planeta imeet popyatnoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Venera ne vidna, t.k. vstupaet v soedinenie s Solncem 9 yanvarya. Vidimyi diametr Venery priderzhivaetsya znacheniya okolo 1 uglovoi minuty, a blesk imeet znachenie -4m pri faze okolo 0,01. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 0,27 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2022.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca. Mars viden na fone utrennei zari. Blesk planety imeet znachenie okolo +1,5m, a vidimyi diametr - okolo 4 sekund dugi. V teleskop viden krohotnyi disk prakticheski bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 2,33 do 2,29 a.e. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2022.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya. Yupiter viden po vecheram levee Saturna. Uglovoi diametr planety sostavlyaet okolo 35 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,1m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 5,59 - 5,67 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop v periody horoshei vidimosti mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi naibolee horosho vidny v period protivostoyaniya. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na yanvar'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2022.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Saturn nablyudaetsya po vecheram levee Merkuriya. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,7m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 15,5 sekund dugi. V teleskop mozhno nablyudat' kol'co planety. Sputnik Saturna Titan (8m) mozhno uvidet' dazhe v binokl', a drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki planety - v teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 60mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 10,76 do 10,81 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2022.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +6, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ovna (yuzhnee zvezdy al'fa Ovna). Uran viden v vechernee i nochnoe vremya. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya ot 19,24 do 19,35 a.e.. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2022.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +8, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya levee zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m). Neptun mozhno naiti v binokl' na vechernem nebe. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 30,27 do 30,38 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2022.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son.
Cerera (1)
6 Jan 2022 3h44.36066m +17.96251 deg 2.714 1.951 7.8 132.6 13.66 302.5 Tau
11 Jan 2022 3h43.15418m +18.22618 deg 2.710 1.999 7.9 127.3 10.29 322.2 Tau
Pallada (2)
6 Jan 2022 23h25.63055m -11.81264 deg 2.920 3.243 10.0 62.4 40.67 80.2 Aqr
11 Jan 2022 23h31.18407m -11.56652 deg 2.909 3.296 10.0 58.7 42.67 79.2 Aqr
Vesta (4)
6 Jan 2022 17h46.75638m -21.25715 deg 2.153 3.063 7.8 18.5 80.73 93.8 Sgr
11 Jan 2022 17h58.21752m -21.40812 deg 2.154 3.043 7.8 20.9 80.41 92.7 Sgr
Irida (7)
6 Jan 2022 7h45.45348m +15.73908 deg 2.067 1.094 7.7 168.6 41.38 267.7 Gem
11 Jan 2022 7h39.82724m +15.70038 deg 2.079 1.099 7.6 173.2 41.97 269.0 Gem
Massaliya (20)
6 Jan 2022 9h36.41526m +12.99402 deg 2.083 1.211 9.3 143.2 15.23 285.1 Leo
11 Jan 2022 9h34.11824m +13.15775 deg 2.087 1.182 9.2 148.8 21.59 286.3 Leo
Nysa (44)
6 Jan 2022 4h48.07733m +17.86314 deg 2.094 1.199 9.6 147.3 21.75 282.9 Tau
11 Jan 2022 4h45.65668m +18.04835 deg 2.091 1.228 9.7 141.7 15.86 291.5 Tau
a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0,
r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.),
m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas),
RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2022 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii yanvarya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na yanvar', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2022 god i Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike .
03 yanvarya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Cerera bliz Giad i Pleyad.
04 yanvarya, 06 chasov 55 minut - Zemlya v perigelii svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 0,9833365 a.e. ot Solnca.
05 yanvarya, noch' - Okonchanie aktivnosti meteornogo potoka Kvadrantidy.
06 yanvarya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,2+) bliz Yupitera.
07 yanvarya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,3+) bliz Neptuna.
08 yanvarya, 02 chasa 18 minut - Pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,33+) zvezdy 30 Ryb (4,3m) pri vidimosti na Dal'nem Vostoke.
09 yanvarya, 18 chasov 12 minut - Luna v faze pervoi chetverti.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 6 yanvarya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 6 yanvarya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-zapadnoi i zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 6 yanvarya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 01 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO i http://blog.astronomypage.ru (peremennye zvezdy), Astronomicheskii kalendar'-spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda, http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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