Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 16 po 22 dekabrya 2019 goda25.11.2019 6:40 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 16 dekabrya Merkurii proidet v 5 gradusah severnee Antaresa, a 17 dekabrya Luna (F= 0,71-) proidet severnee Regula. 18 dekabrya Luna (F= 0,54-) okazhetsya v perigee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 370259 km ot centra Zemli, a 19 dekabrya proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,52-) zvezdy nyu Devy (4,0m) pri vidimosti na Evropeiskoi chasti Rossii i v Sibiri. V etot zhe den' dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Devy dostignet maksimuma bleska (6m), a 20 dekabrya Luna (F= 0,3-) proidet bliz Spiki. 22 dekabrya nastupit maksimum deistviya meteornogo potoka Ursidy (ZHR= 10) iz sozvezdiya Maloi Medvedicy, a Solnce v 4 chasa 19 minut po vsemirnomu vremeni dostignet nizshei tochki ekliptiki i proidet tochku zimnego solncestoyaniya v svoem godichnom puti po nebesnoi sfere.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 11 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - 7 chasov 00 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya do 32,52 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu poslednei chetverti 19 dekabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Raka, L'va, Devy i Vesov, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,8- do 0,1- i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Raka. Ustremivshis' k sozvezdiyu L'va, Luna voidet v nego 16 dekabrya pri faze 0,8-. V sozvezdii L'va 17 dekabrya lunnyi oval proidet severnee Regula pri faze 0,71-. 18 dekabrya (F= 0,54-) lunnyi poludisk pereidet v sozvezdie Devy, dostignuv pri etom perigeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 370259 km ot centra Zemli. Zdes' 19 dekabrya Luna primet fazu poslednei chetverti i sovershit puteshestvie po sozvezdiyu Devy, 20 dekabrya pri faze 0,3- proidya severnee Spiki. Okolo polunochi 22 dekabrya lunnyi serp (F= 0,2-) pereidet v sozvezdie Vesov. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii i Mars nablyudayutsya po utram, a Venera, Yupiter i Saturn nahodyatsya na vechernem nebe. Uran i Neptun mozhno nablyudat' bol'shuyu chast' nochi. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2019 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364101 . Efemeridy planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/ephemeris.html .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica PANSTARRS (C/2017 T2) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyam Perseya i Zhirafa s bleskom okolo 10m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na dekabr', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2020 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (7,1m) v sozvezdii Kita.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: S Kompasa 9,0m - 16 dekabrya, RS Devy 8,1m - 16 dekabrya, R Devy 6,9m - 19 dekabrya, V L'va 9,1m - 20 dekabrya.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Yasli (M44), Luna - Regul, Luna - Spika, Luna - Mars, Merkurii - Antares, Mars - al'fa Vesov, Yupiter - Antares, Venera - Saturn, Saturn - omikron Strel'ca, Uran - al'fa Ovna, Neptun - fi Vodoleya, kometa C/2018 N2 ( ASASSN ) - M31.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Eto interesno! Predydushee polnoe solnechnoe zatmenie imelo mesto: 16 dekabrya - v 1694 godu, 17 dekabrya - 1713 godu, 18 dekabrya - v 1191 godu, 19 dekabrya - v 1340 godu, 20 dekabrya - v 0819 godu, 21 dekabrya - v 1843 godu, 22 dekabrya - v 1889 godu. Bol'she vsego (za proshedshie dve tysyachi let) polnyh zatmenii v eti dni bylo 22 dekabrya (7 zatmenii), a men'she vsego 20 i 21 dekabrya (po 2 zatmeniya). Your Guide to the 2017 Total Solar Eclipse
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca. Merkurii umen'shaet elongaciyu ot 17 do 14 gradusov k zapadu, nablyudayas' na fone utrennei zari u yugo-vostochnogo gorizonta (levee Marsa). Uglovye razmery Merkuriya sostavlyayut okolo 5 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -0,5m i faze 0,92 - 0,96. V teleskop mozhno uvidet' krohotnyi disk bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 1,32 do 1,39 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2019 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2019 god . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2019.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca, 19 dekabrya perehodya v sozvezdie Kozeroga. Venera nablyudaetsya na fone vechernei zari u yugo-zapadnogo gorizonta. Blagodarya svoei yarkosti planeta mozhet byt' naidena i dnem nevooruzhennym glazom. Elongaciya planety uvelichivaetsya do 32,5 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr Venery sostavlyaet bolee 12 uglovyh sekund, a blesk imeet znachenie okolo -4m pri faze blizkoi k 0,85. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 1,36 do 1,32 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2019.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vesov. Mars imeet utrennyuyu vidimost' i viden na fone zari u yugo-vostochnogo gorizonta. Blesk planety priderzhivaetsya znacheniya +1,6m, a vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 4 sekund dugi. Eto samyi malen'kii vidimyi diametr iz vseh yarkih planet. V teleskop viden krohotnyi disk, na kotorom v dostatochno sil'nye lyubitel'skie teleskopy mozhno rassmotret' krupneishie detali poverhnosti. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 2,30 do 2,25 a.e.. 13 oktyabrya 2020 goda nastupit protivostoyanie (blizkoe k velikomu) planety (Astronomicheskii kalendar' na 2020 god). Vidimyi diametr Marsa v period protivostoyaniya dostignet 22,6 uglovyh sekund! Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2019.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Yupiter nablyudaetsya na fone vechernei zari u yugo-zapadnogo gorizonta, zakanchivaya vidimost'. Uglovoi diametr planety priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 31,8 sekund dugi pri bleske -1,8m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 6,20 - 6,21 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi imeyut neblagopriyatnuyu vidimost'. Eti yavleniya mozhno budet nablyudat' uzhe v sleduyushem godu vo vremya utrennei vidimosti Yupitera. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na dekabr'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2019.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca bliz trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi etogo sozvezdiya. Saturn mozhno nablyudat' na vechernem nebe. Vyshe 69 paralleli Saturn ne viden. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,5m, a uglovoi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 15,5 sekund dugi. V nebol'shoi teleskop vidno kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno razglyadet' v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 10,91 do 10,96 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2019.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,8, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ovna (bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m)). Uran nablyudaetsya bol'shuyu chast' nochi. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu ot 19,18 do 19,28 a.e.. V otsutstvii Luny i zasvetki pri prozrachnom nebe planetu mozhno naiti nevooruzhennym glazom. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2019.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m). Neptun mozhno nablyudat' pervuyu polovinu nochi. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 30,05 do 30,17 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2019.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (levee trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 16 Dec 2019 18h50m25.16s -26 37.492' 2.907 3.825 9.1 18.2 59.25 87.9 Sgr 21 Dec 2019 18h59m15.93s -26 32.347' 2.910 3.848 9.0 15.2 59.52 87.1 Sgr Vesta (4) 16 Dec 2019 2h49m47.90s + 8 16.768' 2.559 1.738 7.1 138.5 18.58 286.4 Cet 21 Dec 2019 2h47m44.61s + 8 28.976' 2.561 1.785 7.2 133.1 14.40 298.9 Cet Astreya (5) 16 Dec 2019 8h28m58.70s +14 01.081' 2.136 1.307 10.0 137.1 4.19 311.1 Cnc 21 Dec 2019 8h28m07.88s +14 08.816' 2.131 1.265 9.9 142.4 10.48 298.6 Cnc Metida (9) 16 Dec 2019 1h38m57.06s + 7 12.675' 2.117 1.423 9.7 122.1 15.42 29.2 Psc 21 Dec 2019 1h40m21.22s + 7 41.362' 2.114 1.471 9.8 117.5 20.24 41.3 Psc Evnomiya (15) 16 Dec 2019 22h02m32.97s - 1 24.628' 2.210 2.362 9.9 69.1 62.29 72.2 Aqr 21 Dec 2019 22h10m34.48s - 0 45.326' 2.205 2.410 9.9 66.2 64.32 71.7 Aqr Amfitrita (29) 16 Dec 2019 0h44m14.26s +10 19.056' 2.381 1.848 10.1 110.7 20.19 68.7 Psc 21 Dec 2019 0h47m05.28s +10 35.388' 2.379 1.907 10.2 106.4 24.91 68.8 Psc Klotho (97) 16 Dec 2019 4h32m36.12s - 0 41.494' 1.985 1.061 10.0 152.1 27.88 287.1 Eri 21 Dec 2019 4h29m17.48s - 0 21.069' 1.987 1.080 10.1 148.6 25.86 298.2 Eri a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2019 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii dekabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na dekabr', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2019 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
16 dekabrya, utro - Merkurii prohodit v 5 gradusah severnee Antaresa.
17 dekabrya, noch' - Luna (F= 0,71-) prohodit severnee Regula.
18 dekabrya, vecher - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Devy bliz maksimuma bleska (6m).
19 dekabrya, 04 chasa 58 minut - Luna v faze poslednei chetverti.
20 dekabrya, utro - Luna (F= 0,3-) prohodit severnee Spiki.
21 dekabrya i vsyu nedelyu, noch' - Kometa C/2018 N2 ( ASASSN ) bliz M31.
22 dekabrya, 04 chasa 19 minut - Zimnee solncestoyanie.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Novosti nauki, Meteoveb, Mir astronomii i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 19 dekabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 19 dekabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 19 dekabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 12 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), http://saros70.narod.ru/ (kalendar'), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 (Astronomicheskii kalendar' spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda), http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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