Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 28 oktyabrya po 3 noyabrya 2019 goda19.10.2019 6:31 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele 28 oktyabrya Uran vstupit v protivostoyanie s Solncem, a 29 oktyabrya Luna (F= 0,03+) proidet bliz Venery i Merkuriya. V etot zhe den' dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Treugol'nika dostignet maksimuma bleska (5m), a 30 oktyabrya Merkurii proidet v 2,6 gr. yuzhnee Venery. 31 oktyabrya Luna (F= 0,15+) proidet vsego v 7 uglovyh minutah severnee Yupitera (sovsem blizko ot kotorogo obrazuyut ravnostoronnii treugol'nik sputniki Io, Evropa i Kallisto), a Merkurii dostignet stoyaniya s perehodom k popyatnomu dvizheniyu. 1 noyabrya Luna (F= 0,26+) okazhetsya v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity, a 2 noyabrya dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda T Centavra dostignet maksimuma bleska (5m). 2 noyabrya Luna (F= 0,27+) proidet tochku maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora, a zatem proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,3+) Saturna pri vidimosti v Novoi Zelandii i Antarktide.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya do 19 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 9 chasov 05 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca uvelichivaetsya do 32,24 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Devy, 31 oktyabrya perehodya v sozvezdie Vesov. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu novoluniya 28 oktyabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Devy, Vesov, Skorpiona, Zmeenosca, Strel'ca i Kozeroga, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,0 do 0,45+ i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Devy. Zdes' Luna primet fazu novoluniya, nahodyas' u granicy s sozvezdiem Vesov. 29 oktyabrya molodoi mesyac (F= 0,03+) proidet severnee Merkuriya i Venery, no eto sblizhenie budet blagopriyatno dlya nablyudenii lish' v yuzhnyh shirotah strany. 30 oktyabrya lunnyi serp pri faze 0,05+ pereidet v sozvezdie Skorpiona, a zatem pri faze 0,08+ peresechet granicu sozvezdiya Zmeenosca. Zdes' rastushii serp eshe raz v etom mesyace proidet vsego v 7 uglovyh minutah severnee Yupitera (mozhno poluchit' interesnye astrofoto) pri faze 0,15+, a zakonchit svoi put' po oktyabr'skomu nebu uzhe v sozvezdii Strel'ca pri faze 0,18+. Zdes' Luna 1 noyabrya proidet nishodyashii uzel svoei orbity pri faze 0,26+ bliz tochki maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora. Vskore posle etogo sobytiya nochnoe svetilo (F= 0,3+) pokroet Saturn pri vidimosti v Novoi Zelandii i Antarktide. Zatem lunnyi poludisk ustremitsya k sozvezdiyu Kozeroga, kotorogo dostignet 3 noyabrya pri faze 0,4+. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii viden na fone vechernei zari v yuzhnyh raionah strany, a Veneru mozhno naiti posle zahoda Solnca prakticheski na vsei territorii strany. Mars nablyudaetsya na fone utrennei zari, a Yupiter i Saturn nahodyatsya na vechernem nebe. Uran i Neptun mozhno nablyudat' vsyu noch'. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2019 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364101 . Efemeridy planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/ephemeris.html .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica Africano (C/2018 W2) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Zhuravlya s bleskom okolo 11m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na oktyabr', KN na noyabr', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2019 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkoi na dannoi nedele budet Vesta (6,6m) v sozvezdii Tel'ca.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: Z Pegasa 8,4m - 29 oktyabrya, R Treugol'nika 6,2m - 29 oktyabrya, U Devy 8,2m - 1 noyabrya, T Centavra 5,5m - 2 noyabrya, S Bliznecov 9,0m - 3 noyabrya, RR Vesov 8,6m - 3 noyabrya.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Venera, Luna - Merkurii, Luna - Antares, Luna - Yupiter, Luna - Saturn, Merkurii - Venera, Venera - Antares, Yupiter - Antares, Saturn - omikron Strel'ca, Uran - al'fa Ovna, Neptun - fi Vodoleya, Vesta - omikron Tel'ca.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Eto interesno! Predydushee polnoe solnechnoe zatmenie imelo mesto: 28 oktyabrya - v 1799 godu, 29 oktyabrya - 1818 godu, 30 oktyabrya - v 1845 godu, 31 oktyabrya - v 0384 godu, 1 noyabrya - v 1948 godu, 2 noyabrya - v 1967 godu, 3 noyabrya - v 2013 godu. Bol'she vsego (za proshedshie dve tysyachi let) polnyh zatmenii v eti dni bylo 3 noyabrya (7 zatmenii), a men'she vsego 31 oktyabrya (1 zatmenie). Your Guide to the 2017 Total Solar Eclipse
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vesov, 31 oktyabrya menyaya dvizhenie na popyatnoe. Merkurii viden na fone vechernei zari v yuzhnyh raionah strany, no pri yasnom gorizonte ego mozhno popytat'sya obnaruzhit' i v srednih shirotah. V severnyh shirotah planeta zahodit vmeste s Solncem i dazhe ran'she ego. Elongaciya planety umen'shaetsya ot 23 do 16 gradusov. Uglovye razmery Merkuriya sostavlyayut 7 - 9 sekund dugi pri bleske 0m - 1m i faze 0,45 - 0,2. V teleskop viden krohotnyi serp bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 0,86 do 0,73 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2019 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2019 god . 11 noyabrya 2019 goda Merkurii proidet po disku Solnca. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2019.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vesov, 2 noyabrya perehodya v sozvezdie Skorpiona. Venera imeet vechernyuyu vidimost' (posle zahoda Solnca u yugo-zapadnogo gorizonta). Blagodarya svoei yarkosti planeta mozhet byt' naidena i dnem nevooruzhennym glazom. Elongaciya planety uvelichivaetsya do 21,5 gradusov. Vidimyi diametr Venery sostavlyaet okolo 10,5 uglovyh sekund, a blesk imeet znachenie okolo -4m pri faze blizkoi k 0,95. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 1,58 do 1,55 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2019.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy (bliz Spiki). Mars imeet utrennyuyu vidimost' i viden na fone zari u yugo-vostochnogo gorizonta. Blesk planety priderzhivaetsya znacheniya +1,7m, a vidimyi diametr sostavlyaet menee 4 sekund dugi. Eto samyi malen'kii vidimyi diametr iz vseh yarkih planet. V teleskop viden krohotnyi disk, na kotorom v dostatochno sil'nye lyubitel'skie teleskopy mozhno rassmotret' krupneishie detali poverhnosti. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 2,56 do 2,53 a.e.. Blizkoe k velikomu protivostoyanie planety nastupit 13 oktyabrya 2020 goda (Astronomicheskii kalendar' na 2020 god). Vidimyi diametr Marsa v period protivostoyaniya dostignet 22,6 uglovyh sekund! Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2019.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Zmeenosca bliz Antaresa. Yupiter nablyudaetsya v vechernee vremya u yugo-zapadnogo gorizonta. Uglovoi diametr planety umen'shaetsya do 33,2 sekund dugi pri bleske -1,8m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli 5,86 - 5,93 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali. Pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi imeyut neblagopriyatnuyu vidimost' v srednih i severnyh shirotah. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na oktyabr' i KN na noyabr'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2019.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta imeet pryamoe dvizhenie, peremeshayas' po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca bliz trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi etogo sozvezdiya. Saturn mozhno nablyudat' na vechernem nebe. Vyshe 69 paralleli Saturn ne viden. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,5m, a uglovoi diametr sostavlyaet okolo 16 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno razglyadet' v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya ot 10,32 do 10,43 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2019.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,8, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Ovna (bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m)). Uran nablyudaetsya vsyu noch', t.k. vstupaet v protivostoyanie s Solncem 28 oktyabrya. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom uvelichivaetsya za nedelyu ot 18,83 do 18,84 a.e.. V otsutstvii Luny i zasvetki pri prozrachnom nebe planetu mozhno naiti nevooruzhennym glazom. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 80 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2019.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy fi Aqr (4,2m). Neptun mozhno nablyudat' pochti vsyu noch'. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya ot 29,26 do 29,36 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2019.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (levee trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 26 Oct 2019 17h24m28.34s -25 50.598' 2.875 3.411 9.2 50.1 52.77 97.0 Oph 31 Oct 2019 17h32m19.32s -26 02.723' 2.878 3.465 9.2 46.8 53.79 96.1 Oph Vesta (4) 26 Oct 2019 3h35m01.48s + 9 16.087' 2.539 1.597 6.7 156.3 32.42 255.4 Tau 31 Oct 2019 3h30m33.04s + 9 00.055' 2.541 1.579 6.6 161.7 35.62 257.3 Tau Metida (9) 26 Oct 2019 2h07m15.97s + 6 15.220' 2.157 1.166 8.6 173.8 38.35 260.5 Cet 31 Oct 2019 2h02m11.41s + 6 03.549' 2.152 1.166 8.6 171.2 37.99 262.1 Psc Evnomiya (15) 26 Oct 2019 20h59m28.24s - 5 38.417' 2.279 1.833 9.4 103.4 29.28 78.7 Aqr 31 Oct 2019 21h03m36.45s - 5 25.654' 2.271 1.884 9.5 99.5 33.78 78.0 Aqr Amfitrita (29) 26 Oct 2019 0h54m29.72s +10 49.412' 2.400 1.429 9.0 164.1 32.69 255.7 Psc 31 Oct 2019 0h50m25.23s +10 33.764' 2.398 1.448 9.1 158.2 29.18 255.1 Psc a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2019 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii oktyabrya i noyabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na oktyabr', KN na noyabr', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2019 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
28 oktyabrya, 03 chasov 39 minut - Novolunie.
29 oktyabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,03+) bliz Venery i Merkuriya.
30 oktyabrya, vecher - Merkurii prohodit v 2,6 gr. yuzhnee Venery.
31 oktyabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,15+) bliz Yupitera.
01 noyabrya, 21 chas 40 minut - Luna (F= 0,26+) v nishodyashem uzle svoei orbity.
02 noyabrya, 07 chasov 20 minut - Pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,3+) Saturna pri vidimosti v Novoi Zelandii i Antarktide.
03 noyabrya i vsyu nedelyu, vecher - Merkurii nahoditsya bliz Venery.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Starlab, Meteoveb, Bol'shaya Vselennaya i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 31 oktyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 31 oktyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 21 oktyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N 10 i 11 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), http://saros70.narod.ru/ (kalendar'), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 (Astronomicheskii kalendar' spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda), http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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