Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 24 po 30 sentyabrya 2018 goda21.09.2018 7:16 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele dolgoperiodicheskie peremennye zvezdy R Gonchih Psov i R Strel'ca dostigayut maksimuma bleska (6,5m), 26 sentyabrya proizoidet pokrytie asteroidom Eros (433) zvezdy HIP17681 (7,1m) pri vidimosti na Sahaline i Kamchatke, 27 sentyabrya Luna (F= 0,95-) proidet yuzhnee Urana, a Luna 0,92- pokroet zvezdu xi2 Cet (4,3m) pri vidimosti v zapadnoi polovine strany. V konce nedeli Luna (F= 0,73-) proidet severnee Al'debarana. Krome etogo, zakanchivaetsya sezon serebristyh oblakov, kotorye poyavlyayutsya na fone vechernih i utrennih sumerek, a kometa P/Giacobini-Zinner (21P) imeet blesk yarche 8m i dostatochno blagopriyatnye usloviya nablyudenii na territorii nashei strany.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya do 31 gradusa, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 11 chasov 35 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca za opisyvaemyi period uvelichivaetsya do 31,94 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Devy. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu polnoluniya 25 sentyabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Vodoleya, Ryb, Ovna i Tel'ca, izmenyaya fazu ot 1,0 do 0,65- i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Vodoleya. 24 sentyabrya nochnoe svetilo posetit sozvezdie Ryb pri faze 0,99+, a 25 sentyabrya pereidet v sozvezdie Kita i primet zdes' fazu polnoluniya. 26 sentyabrya yarkaya Luna vnov' pereidet v sozvezdie Ryb. 27 sentyabrya polnaya Luna proidet yuzhnee Urana i pereidet v sozvezdie Kita, gde probudet do 28 sentyabrya, pereidya zatem v sozvezdie Ovna, sniziv fazu do 0,9-. Okolo polunochi 28 sentyabrya lunnyi oval (F= 0,85-) peresechet granicu s sozvezdiem Tel'ca. 30 sentyabrya Luna (F= 0,73-) sblizitsya s Al'debraranom, no vtorogo pokrytiya za mesyac ne proizoidet, t.k. seriya pokrytii etoi zvezdy zakonchilas', a v sleduyushii raz Luna pokroet Al'debaran tol'ko 18 avgusta 2033 goda. V sozvezdii Tel'ca Luna zakonchit svoi put' po nebu sentyabrya pri faze 0,66-. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii ne viden, a Venera nablyudaetsya na fone vechernei zari v yuzhnyh shirotah (vidna takzhe i dnem). Mars, Saturn i Yupiter mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie chasy, a Uran i Neptun vidny vsyu noch'. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2018 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364103. Efemeridy planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/ephemeris.html .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Giacobini-Zinner (21P) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Edinoroga, imeya blesk yarche 8m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi i udobnymi dlya nablyudenii na dannoi nedele budut: Vesta (7,4m) v sozvezdii Strel'ca i Yunona (8,2m) v sozvezdii Tel'ca.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: R Gonchih Psov 7,7m - 26 sentyabrya, R Perseya 8,7m - 27 sentyabrya, R Strel'ca 7,3m - 27 sentyabrya, S Orla 8,9m - 28 sentyabrya.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Neptun, Luna - Uran, Luna - Al'debaran, Venera - Spika, Saturn - Vesta, Yupiter - al'fa Vesov, Uran - omikron Ryb, Neptun - lyambda Vodoleya, P/Giacobini-Zinner (21P) - Procion.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Eto interesno! Predydushee polnoe solnechnoe zatmenie imelo mesto: 24 sentyabrya - v 0656 godu, 25 sentyabrya - v 1764 godu, 26 sentyabrya - v 1242 godu, 27 sentyabrya - v 1791 godu, 28 sentyabrya - v 1391 godu, 29 sentyabrya - v 1894 godu, 30 sentyabrya - v 1437 godu. Bol'she vsego (za proshedshie dve tysyachi let) polnyh zatmenii v eti dni bylo 25 sentyabrya (6 zatmenii !), a men'she vsego 24, 27, 29 i 30 sentyabrya (po 2 zatmeniya). Your Guide to the 2017 Total Solar Eclipse
Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy. Merkurii ne viden, t.k. nahoditsya bliz verhnego soedineniya s Solncem. Uglovye razmery planety priderzhivayutsya znacheniya 5 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -1m i faze okolo 1,0. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei priderzhivaetsya znacheniya 1,4 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2018 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2018.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy. Venera vidna na fone vechernei zari, postepenno sblizhayas' s Solncem (do 34 gradusov k koncu nedeli). Vidimyi diametr Venery uvelichivaetsya do 46 uglovyh sekund, a blesk sostavlyaet -4,5m pri faze okolo 0,2. V teleskop nablyudaetsya serp bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 0,40 do 0,36 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2018.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Mars mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie i nochnye chasy v yuzhnoi chasti neba v vide yarkoi krasnovatoi zvezdy. Blesk planety snizhaetsya do -1,3m, a vidimyi diametr - do 15,8 sekund dugi. Idet blagopriyatnyi period nablyudenii Marsa. V teleskop mozhno rassmotret' disk s detalyami poverhnosti planety. Fotografirovanie planety s nalozheniem izobrazhenii pri pomoshi programmnogo obespecheniya, dadut luchshii rezul'tat po sravneniyu s vizual'nymi nablyudeniyami. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 0,55 do 0,59 a.e.. 27 iyulya Mars proshel velikoe protivostoyanie (kotoroe byvaet raz v 17 let). Stat'ya ob etom astronomicheskom sobytii imeetsya v zhurnale Nebosvod za yanvar' 2018 goda i na Astronet. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2018.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vesov. Yupiter nablyudaetsya na fone vechernei zari. Uglovoi diametr planety umen'shaetsya do 32,6 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -1,7m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli, vozrastayushem za nedelyu do 6,04 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali, a takzhe pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2018.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Planetu mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie chasy. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,4m, a uglovoi diametr umen'shaetsya do 16,5 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno razglyadet' v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya do 10,10 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2018.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,8, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno v sozvezdii Ovna (u granic s sozvezdiem Kita i Ryb), bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m). Uran mozhno nablyudat' vsyu noch'. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya za nedelyu ot 19,01 do 18,95 a.e.. V otsutstvii Luny i zasvetki pri prozrachnom nebe planetu mozhno naiti nevooruzhennym glazom. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2018.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy lyambda Aqr (3,7m). Neptun viden vsyu noch', a naiti ego mozhno pri pomoshi binoklya ili teleskopa. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya do 29,02 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2018.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (levee trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. 26 Sep 2018 12h43m07.80s + 3 09.804' 2.595 3.579 8.5 9.4 67.42 114.9 Vir 1 Oct 2018 12h51m18.29s + 2 13.337' 2.598 3.586 8.5 7.9 67.45 114.6 Vir Pallada (2) 26 Sep 2018 10h33m07.19s - 2 16.857' 2.166 3.042 8.9 24.1 75.52 99.5 Sex 1 Oct 2018 10h43m00.81s - 2 41.802' 2.171 3.025 9.0 26.1 74.82 99.6 Sex Yunona (3) 26 Sep 2018 18h09m43.54s -25 33.654' 2.204 1.970 7.4 89.6 49.34 94.1 Sgr 1 Oct 2018 18h17m11.83s -25 39.633' 2.208 2.032 7.4 86.4 51.89 92.7 Sgr Vesta (4) 26 Sep 2018 18h09m43.54s -25 33.654' 2.204 1.970 7.4 89.6 49.34 94.1 Sgr 1 Oct 2018 18h17m11.83s -25 39.633' 2.208 2.032 7.4 86.4 51.89 92.7 Sgr Geba (6) 26 Sep 2018 6h19m20.30s + 7 21.583' 2.036 1.812 9.7 87.7 51.14 103.0 Ori 1 Oct 2018 6h25m46.92s + 6 58.112' 2.044 1.768 9.6 90.8 47.51 104.6 Mon Uraniya (30) 26 Sep 2018 23h33m45.78s + 0 30.590' 2.111 1.115 9.8 171.0 35.36 249.3 Psc 1 Oct 2018 23h29m30.25s + 0 05.934' 2.107 1.123 10.0 165.2 32.87 248.5 Psc a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2018 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii sentyabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
24 sentyabrya i vsyu nedelyu, sumerki - Vozmozhnost' poyavleniya serebristyh oblakov na sumerechnom segmente.
25 sentyabrya, 02 chasa 53 minuty - Polnolunie.
26 sentyabrya, 17 chasov 29 minut - Pokrytie asteroidom Eros (433) zvezdy HIP17681 (7,1m) pri vidimosti na Sahaline i Kamchatke.
27 sentyabrya, noch' - Luna (F= 0,95-) prohodit yuzhnee Urana.
28 sentyabrya, utro - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Strel'ca bliz maksimuma bleska (6,5m).
29 sentyabrya i vsyu nedelyu, utro - Utrennyaya vidimost' komety P/Giacobini-Zinner (21P).
30 sentyabrya, utro - Luna (F= 0,73-) prohodit severnee Al'debarana
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Starlab, Meteoveb, Bol'shaya Vselennaya i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 27 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 27 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 27 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N09 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), http://saros70.narod.ru/ (kalendar'), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 (Astronomicheskii kalendar' spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda), http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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