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Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 17 po 23 sentyabrya 2018 goda Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 17 po 23 sentyabrya 2018 goda
14.09.2018 7:01 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii

Na dannoi nedele 17 sentyabrya Luna (F= 0,57+) proidet severnee Saturna, a na sleduyushii den' pri faze 0,64+ dostignet tochki maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvator. 18 sentyabrya proizoidet pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,67+) zvezdy omikron Strel'ca (3,8m) pri vidimosti na Evropeiskoi chasti Rossii, a na sleduyushii den' asteroid Uraniya (30) vstupit v protivostoyanie s Solncem. V seredine nedeli dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Rysi dostignet maksimuma bleska (6,5m), a Luna (F= 0,78+) proidet apogei svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 404875 km ot centra Zemli bliz nishodyashego uzla svoei orbity i okolo Marsa. 21 sentyabrya dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Gidry dostignet maksimuma bleska (3,5m), a Merkurii okazhetsya v verhnem soedinenii s Solncem. 23 sentyabrya nastupit osennee ravnodenstvie, a Luna (F= 0,97+) proidet yuzhnee Neptuna. Krome etogo, prodolzhaetsya sezon serebristyh oblakov, kotorye poyavlyayutsya na fone vechernih i utrennih sumerek, a kometa P/Giacobini-Zinner (21P) imeet blesk yarche 8m i dostatochno blagopriyatnye usloviya nablyudenii na territorii nashei strany.

Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy umen'shaetsya do 34 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 12 chasov 00 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca za opisyvaemyi period uvelichivaetsya do 31,87 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu L'va, 17 sentyabrya perehodya v sozvezdie Devy. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.

Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu polnoluniya 25 sentyabrya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Zmeenosca, Strel'ca, Kozeroga, Vodoleya, izmenyaya fazu ot 0,5+ do 1,0 i uvelichivaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii. Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Zmeenosca, pereidya v pervyi den' nedeli pri faze 0,52+ v sozvezdie Strel'ca. Luna sovershit po nemu pochti trehdnevnoe puteshestvie, proidya v nachale etogo puti severnee Saturna (bliz maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora). V sozvezdie Kozeroga Luna voidet pri faze 0,77+ v samom konce dnya 19 sentyabrya, proidya na sleduyushii den' severnee Marsa (F= 0,8+) bliz nishodyashego uzla i apogeya svoei orbity. V sozvezdie Vodoleya yarkaya Luna (F= 0,93+) pereidet 22 sentyabrya, a na sleduyushii den' pri faze 0,97+ proidet yuzhnee Neptuna. Fazy Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.

Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Merkurii ne viden, a Venera nablyudaetsya na fone vechernei zari (vidna takzhe i dnem). Mars, Saturn i Yupiter mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie chasy, a Uran i Neptun vidny vsyu noch'. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2018 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364103. Efemeridy planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/ephemeris.html .

Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Giacobini-Zinner (21P) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Bliznecov i Oriona, imeya blesk yarche 8m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .

Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi i udobnymi dlya nablyudenii na dannoi nedele budut: Vesta (7,2m) v sozvezdii Strel'ca i Yunona (8,3m) v sozvezdii Tel'ca.

Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: T Andromedy 8,5m - 17 sentyabrya, SS Zmeenosca 8,7m - 18 sentyabrya, R Rysi 7,9m - 20 sentyabrya, T Gidry 7,8m - 21 sentyabrya, R Gidry 4,5m - 21 sentyabrya, S Zmei 8,7m - 21 sentyabrya, W Raka 8,2m - 22 sentyabrya, R Yashericy 9,1m - 23 sentyabrya.

Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Saturn, Luna - Neptun, Venera - Spika, Saturn - M21, Vesta - teta Zmeenosca, Yupiter - al'fa Vesov, Uran - omikron Ryb, Neptun - lyambda Vodoleya.

Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .

Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!

Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!

Eto interesno! Predydushee polnoe solnechnoe zatmenie imelo mesto: 17 sentyabrya - v 1876 godu, 18 sentyabrya - v 1400 godu, 19 sentyabrya - v 1419 godu, 20 sentyabrya - v 1001 godu, 21 sentyabrya - v 1941 godu, 22 sentyabrya - v 1968 godu, 23 sentyabrya - v 1699 godu. Bol'she vsego (za proshedshie dve tysyachi let) polnyh zatmenii v eti dni bylo 17, 21 i 22 sentyabrya (po 6 zatmenii !), a men'she vsego 19 sentyabrya (1 zatmenie). Your Guide to the 2017 Total Solar Eclipse

Svedeniya ob astronomicheskih yavleniyah proshlogo i tekushego stoletii mozhno naiti v Astronomicheskom kalendare-spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .

Planety

Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy. Merkurii ne viden, t.k. vstupaet v verhnee soedinenie s Solncem 21 sentyabrya. Uglovye razmery planety priderzhivayutsya znacheniya 5 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -1,7m i faze okolo 1,0. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 1,36 do 1,40 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2018 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2018.html

Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Devy. Venera vidna na vechernem nebe, postepenno sblizhayas' s Solncem (do 38,5 gradusov k koncu nedeli). Prodolzhitel'nost' vechernei vidimosti planety v srednih shirotah sostavlyaet okolo poluchasa, no ona vidna dazhe dnem nevooruzhennym glazom. Vidimyi diametr Venery uvelichivaetsya do 41,0 uglovyh sekund, a blesk sostavlyaet -4,7m pri faze okolo 0,25. V teleskop nablyudaetsya serp bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 0,45 do 0,40 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2018.html

Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Mars mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie i nochnye chasy v yuzhnoi chasti neba v vide yarkoi krasnovatoi zvezdy. Blesk planety snizhaetsya do -1,5m, a vidimyi diametr - do 17,0 sekund dugi. Idet blagopriyatnyi period nablyudenii Marsa. V teleskop mozhno rassmotret' disk s detalyami poverhnosti planety. Fotografirovanie planety s nalozheniem izobrazhenii pri pomoshi programmnogo obespecheniya, dadut luchshii rezul'tat po sravneniyu s vizual'nymi nablyudeniyami. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 0,52 do 0,55 a.e.. 27 iyulya Mars proshel velikoe protivostoyanie (kotoroe byvaet raz v 17 let). Stat'ya ob etom astronomicheskom sobytii imeetsya v zhurnale Nebosvod za yanvar' 2018 goda i na Astronet. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2018.html

Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vesov. Yupiter nablyudaetsya v vechernie chasy. Uglovoi diametr planety umen'shaetsya do 33,1 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -1,7m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli, vozrastayushem za nedelyu do 5,96 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali, a takzhe pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2018.html

Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Planetu mozhno nablyudat' v vechernie chasy. Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,4m, a uglovoi diametr umen'shaetsya do 16,7 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Drugie otnositel'no yarkie sputniki Saturna mozhno razglyadet' v teleskopy s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 100 mm. Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna uvelichivaetsya do 9,96 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2018.html

Uran. Planeta (m= +5,8, d= 3,4 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya popyatno v sozvezdii Ovna (u granic s sozvezdiem Kita i Ryb), bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m). Uran mozhno nablyudat' vsyu noch'. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya za nedelyu ot 19,07 do 19,01a.e.. V otsutstvii Luny i zasvetki pri prozrachnom nebe planetu mozhno naiti nevooruzhennym glazom. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2018.html

Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy lyambda Aqr (3,7m). Neptun viden vsyu noch', a naiti ego mozhno pri pomoshi binoklya ili teleskopa. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom uvelichivaetsya do 28,97 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2018.html

Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (levee trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty

Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - v zhurnale Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.

Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)

Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)

   
Data          a(2000.0)      d(2000.0)   r      delta   m  elon.   V      PA  son.   
Cerera (1)   
16 Sep 2018  12h26m49.35s  + 5 04.120'  2.591   3.558  8.6  13.4  67.27 115.3 Vir   
21 Sep 2018  12h34m58.16s  + 4 06.760'  2.593   3.570  8.6  11.3  67.36 115.1 Vir   
Pallada (2)   
16 Sep 2018  10h13m03.17s  - 1 27.574'  2.157   3.069  8.9  20.6  76.89  99.1 Sex   
21 Sep 2018  10h23m07.99s  - 1 52.049'  2.162   3.057  8.9  22.3  76.21  99.3 Sex   
Yunona (3)   
16 Sep 2018   3h52m21.52s  + 7 23.072'  2.028   1.390  8.6 114.7  40.61 119.1 Tau   
21 Sep 2018   3h56m48.43s  + 6 41.260'  2.022   1.341  8.4 118.4  37.74 125.7 Tau   
Vesta (4)   
16 Sep 2018  17h56m03.73s  -25 15.891'  2.197   1.847  7.2  96.3  43.49  97.0 Sgr   
21 Sep 2018  18h02m40.00s  -25 25.690'  2.201   1.908  7.3  92.9  46.55  95.5 Sgr   
Geba (6)   
16 Sep 2018   6h04m58.26s  + 8 04.624'  2.020   1.900  9.8  81.9  57.60 100.0 Ori   
21 Sep 2018   6h12m23.36s  + 7 43.853'  2.028   1.856  9.7  84.7  54.49 101.4 Ori   
Uraniya (30)   
16 Sep 2018  23h42m51.40s  + 1 20.063'  2.120   1.116  9.7 175.2  36.23 250.9 Psc   
21 Sep 2018  23h38m16.26s  + 0 55.660'  2.116   1.113  9.7 176.2  36.51 250.0 Psc   
   
a  pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0,  d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0,     
r -  rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.),  delta -  rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.),     
m -  zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V -  uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas),    
RA -  pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. -  sozvezdie     

Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli

Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2018 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii sentyabrya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na sentyabr', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .

17 sentyabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,57+) prohodit severnee Saturna.

18 sentyabrya, 18 chasov 00 minut - Pokrytie Lunoi (F= 0,67+) zvezdy omikron Strel'ca (3,8m) pri vidimosti na Evropeiskoi chasti Rossii.

19 sentyabrya, noch' - Asteroid Uraniya (30) v protivostoyanii s Solncem.

20 sentyabrya, 00 chasov 55 minut - Luna (F= 0,78+) v apogee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 404875 km ot centra Zemli.

21 sentyabrya, utro - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Rysi bliz maksimuma bleska (6,5m).

22 sentyabrya, vecher - Luna (F= 0,97+) bliz Neptuna.

23 sentyabrya, 01 chas 54 minuty - Osennee ravnodenstvie.

Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Starlab, Meteoveb, Bol'shaya Vselennaya i DvaStrel'ca.

Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):

Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 20 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.

Vid vostochnoi i yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 20 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.

Vid yuzhnoi i yugo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 20 sentyabrya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.

 

Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N09 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), http://saros70.narod.ru/ (kalendar'), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 (Astronomicheskii kalendar' spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda), http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).


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