Astronomicheskaya nedelya s 28 maya po 3 iyunya 2018 goda17.05.2018 20:02 | Aleksandr Kozlovskii
Na dannoi nedele dolgoperiodicheskie peremennye zvezdy RT Lebedya (6m) i R Zmeenosca (6,5m) dostigayut maksimuma bleska, 1 iyunya Luna (F= 0,95-) prohodit severnee Saturna okolo maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora, 2 iyunya Luna (F= 0,85-) dostignet apogeya svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 405310 km ot centra Zemli, 3 iyunya Luna (F= 0,8-) prohodit severnee Marsa okolo nishodyashego uzla svoei orbity, a Merkurii prohodit v 6 gradusah severnee Al'debarana. Krome etogo, prodolzhaetsya sezon serebristyh oblakov, kotorye poyavlyayutsya na fone vechernih i utrennih sumerek. Vesta imeet 6 zvezdnuyu velichinu i mozhet byt' naidena nevooruzhennym glazom pri blagopriyatnyh usloviyah.
Solnce. Maksimal'naya vysota dnevnogo svetila nad gorizontom na shirote Moskvy uvelichivaetsya do 56 gradusov, a dolgota dnya na toi zhe shirote - do 17 chasov 15 minut. Vidimyi diametr Solnca za opisyvaemyi period umen'shitsya do 31,54 minut dugi, a dvizhetsya ono po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca. Dannye o Solnce na tekushee vremya.
Luna. Estestvennyi sputnik Zemli vstupaet v fazu polnoluniya 29 maya. Luna v svoem dvizhenii po nebesnoi sfere posetit sozvezdiya Vesov, Skorpiona, Zmeenosca, Strel'ca i Kozeroga, izmenyaya fazu ot 1 do 0,75 i umen'shaya sklonenie, a takzhe vysotu verhnei kul'minacii do serediny nedeli (zatem uvelichivaya). Nachalo nedeli nochnoe svetilo provedet v sozvezdii Vesov bliz Yupitera. 29 maya Luna pereidet v sozvezdie Skorpiona, gde primet fazu polnoluniya. V etot zhe den' yarkii lunnyi disk peresechet granicu s sozvezdiem Zmeenosca, i budet nablyudat'sya nizko nad gorizontom vsyu korotkuyu noch'. 31 maya Luna pereidet v sozvezdie Strel'ca i zakonchit zdes' put' po vesennemu nebu pri faze 0,95- severnee Saturna i bliz maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora. Pereidya na letnee nebo i prodolzhaya put' po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca, yarkii lunnyi disk bliz apogeya svoei orbity vstupit v sozvezdie Kozeroga 2 iyunya, umen'shiv fazu do 0,83. Severnee Marsa lunnyi oval proidet 3 iyunya uzhe pri faze 0,8-. Faza Luny na dannoe vremya i na budushee.
Iz planet Solnechnoi sistemy: Venera yarko siyaet na fone vechernei zari. Merkurii ne viden. Mars i Saturn vidny noch'yu i utrom, Yupiter nablyudaetsya vsyu noch', a Uran i Neptun mozhno naiti na utrennem nebe. Podrobnye efemeridy i karty dvizheniya bol'shih planet dayutsya v pechatnoi versii AK_2018 na http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1364103 . Efemeridy planet na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya takzhe na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/ephemeris.html .
Iz komet hvostataya strannica P/Giacobini-Zinner (21P) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Lebedya, imeya blesk slabee 12m. Kometa PANSTARRS (C/2016 M1) dvizhetsya po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca pri bleske okolo 10m. Karty putei komet i asteroidov na mesyac imeyutsya v KN na mai, i KN na iyun', a na drugie periody - v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god. Podrobnye svedeniya o kometah nedeli i mesyaca (s kartami i prognozami bleska) privodyatsya na http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html , a rezul'taty nablyudenii na http://195.209.248.207/ .
Sredi asteroidov naibolee yarkimi i udobnymi dlya nablyudenii na dannoi nedele budut: Cerera (8,7m) v sozvezdii L'va i Vesta (5,7m) v sozvezdii Strel'ca. Vestu pri blagopriyatnyh usloviyah mozhno naiti nevooruzhennym glazom.
Iz otnositel'no yarkih (do 9,0m fotograficheskogo bleska) dolgoperiodicheskih peremennyh zvezd (po dannym AAVSO), nablyudaemyh s territorii nashei strany, maksimuma bleska dostignut: RT Lebedya 7,3m - 29 maya, W Liry 7,9m - 30 maya, RY Zmeenosca 8,2m - 30 maya, R Zmeenosca 7,6m - 31 maya, U Mikroskopa 8,8m - 31 maya, Y Edinoroga 9,1m - 3 iyunya.
Nekotorye blizkie pary svetil: Luna - Yupiter, Luna - Antares, Luna - Saturn, Luna - Mars, Merkurii - Al'debaran, Mars - Saturn, Saturn - Vesta, Saturn - M22, Vesta - M24, Venera Polluks, Yupiter - al'fa Vesov, Uran - omikron Ryb, Neptun - lyambda Vodoleya.
Obzor tumannyh nebesnyh ob'ektov mesyaca - v zhurnale Nebosvod . Videokalendar' predstoyashih yavlenii http://www.youtube.com/user/AstroSmit i http://www.youtube.com/c/AstroMich .
Nedel'nyi obzor ot zhurnala "Skai end Teleskop", no nuzhno uchityvat', chto kartinki dayutsya dlya 40 severnoi shiroty, a polozhenie Luny i planet na 7 chasov pozdnee otnositel'no moskovskogo vremeni!
Yasnogo neba i uspeshnyh nablyudenii!
Eto interesno! Predydushee polnoe solnechnoe zatmenie imelo mesto: 28 maya - v 1900 godu, 29 maya - v 1938 godu, 30 maya - v 1965 godu, 31 maya - v 1090 godu, 01 iyunya - v 0672 godu, 02 iyunya - v 1220 godu, 03 iyunya - v 1742 godu. Bol'she vsego (za proshedshie dve tysyachi let) polnyh zatmenii v eti dni bylo 29 maya (9 zatmenii!), a men'she vsego 2 iyunya (2 zatmeniya). Your Guide to the 2017 Total Solar Eclipse
Astronomicheskie yavleniya proshlogo i tekushego stoletii imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike na Astronet http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 .
Merkurii. Planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Tel'ca. Merkurii nahoditsya na utrennem nebe, no ne viden, t.k. elongaciya planety k koncu nedeli umen'shaetsya do 2 gradusov. Uglovye razmery planety sostavlyayut okolo 5 sekund dugi pri bleske okolo -2m i faze, dostigayushei 1. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Merkuriem i Zemlei uvelichivaetsya ot 1,27 do 1,32 a.e.. Polozheniya planety vo vremya vseh elongacii 2018 goda imeyutsya v Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god . Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Messendzher. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mercury2018.html
Venera. Planeta dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Bliznecov. Venera yarkoi zvezdoi vidna na vechernem nebe, postepenno otdalyayas' ot Solnca do 35 gradusov k koncu nedeli. Prodolzhitel'nost' vidimosti planety sostavlyaet bolee 2 chasov. Vidimyi diametr Venery uvelichivaetsya do 13,4 uglovyh sekund, a blesk sostavlyaet -4,0m pri faze okolo 0,8. V teleskop nablyudaetsya nebol'shoi disk bez detalei. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Veneroi umen'shaetsya ot 1,30 do 1,25 a.e. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Venera-Ekspress. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/venus2018.html
Mars. Zagadochnaya planeta peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Kozeroga. Mars mozhno nablyudat' v utrennie chasy v yugo-vostochnoi chasti neba. Blesk planety dostigaet -1,3m, a vidimyi diametr - 15,9 sekund dugi. V teleskop mozhno rassmotret' disk s detalyami poverhnosti planety. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Marsom i Zemlei umen'shaetsya ot 0,64 do 0,59 a.e. V etom godu 27 iyulya Mars dostignet velikogo protivostoyaniya (raz v 17 let). Stat'ya ob etom sobytii imeetsya v zhurnale Nebosvod za yanvar' 2018 goda. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - MSL Curiosity. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/mars2018.html
Yupiter. Gazovyi gigant dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Vesov bliz zvezdy al'fa Vesov. Yupiter nablyudaetsya vsyu noch'. Uglovoi diametr planety sostavlyaet 43,9 sekund dugi pri bleske -2,3m i rasstoyanii ot Zemli, vozrastayushem za nedelyu do 4,49 a.e.. V nebol'shoi teleskop mozhno razglyadet' polosy na diske planety (parallel'no ekvatoru) i drugie detali, a takzhe pokrytiya sputnikov planetoi, zatmeniya i prohozhdeniya ih pered planetoi. Konfiguracii sputnikov Yupitera imeyutsya v KN na mai i KN na iyun'. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Galileo. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/jupiter2018.html
Saturn. Okol'covannaya planeta dvizhetsya popyatno po sozvezdiyu Strel'ca. Saturn mozhno nablyudat' posle polunochi (okolo 4 chasov). Blesk planety imeet znachenie +0,2m, a uglovoi diametr - okolo 18 sekund dugi. V teleskop vidno kol'co planety i samyi yarkii sputnik Titan (8m). Rasstoyanie ot Zemli do Saturna umen'shaetsya za nedelyu ot 9,19 do 9,13 a.e. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Kassini. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/saturn2018.html
Uran. Planeta (m= +5,9, d= 3,3 ugl. sek.) dvizhetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem v sozvezdii Ovna (u granic s sozvezdiem Kita i Ryb), bliz zvezdy omikron Psc (4,2m). Uran nahoditsya na utrennem nebe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Uranom umen'shaetsya za nedelyu ot 20,70 do 20,62 a.e.. V otsutstvii Luny i zasvetki pri prozrachnom nebe planetu mozhno naiti nevooruzhennym glazom, no v srednih shirotah takaya vozmozhnost' predstavitsya lish' v konce leta. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/uranus2018.html
Neptun. Planeta (m= +7,9, d= 2,3 ugl. sek.) peremeshaetsya v odnom napravlenii s Solncem po sozvezdiyu Vodoleya bliz zvezdy lyambda Aqr (3,7m). Neptun nahoditsya na utrennem nebe, a naiti ego mozhno pri pomoshi binoklya ili teleskopa. Disk planety razlichim v instrument s uvelicheniem ot 100 krat (pri ideal'nyh usloviyah) i vyshe. Rasstoyanie mezhdu Zemlei i Neptunom umen'shaetsya ot 30,10 do 29,98 a.e.. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Voyadzher-2. Efemeridy planety na kazhdyi den' imeyutsya na http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/planets/neptune2018.html
Pluton. Karlikovaya planeta ili plutoid (+14,5m) nahoditsya v sozvezdii Strel'ca (bliz trio zvezd pi, omikron i ksi Sgr) na rasstoyanii okolo 34 a.e. ot Zemli. Dlya vizual'nyh nablyudenii Plutona neobhodim teleskop s diametrom ob'ektiva ot 250 mm (v periody nailuchshei vidimosti) i prozrachnoe nebo, a ideal'noe mesto dlya ego nablyudenii - v ekvatorial'noi oblasti Zemli. Kosmicheskie issledovaniya - Novye Gorizonty .
Obzornye stat'i o planetah i malyh telah Solnechnoi sistemy - Nebosvod 12 za 2008 god i 1 - 8 za 2009 god.
Dopolnitel'no http://galspace.spb.ru (vse o planetah) i http://astro.websib.ru (raznoobraznaya spravochnaya astroinformaciya)
Efemeridy nekotoryh asteroidov nedeli na 0 chasov vsemirnogo vremeni (dannye GUIDE 8.0)
Data a(2000.0) d(2000.0) r delta m elon. V PA son. Cerera (1) 29 May 2018 9h37m18.39s +24 41.035' 2.560 2.694 8.6 71.5 50.16 115.4 Leo 2 Jun 2018 9h42m41.36s +24 06.165' 2.560 2.741 8.7 69.0 51.56 115.3 Leo Pallada (2) 29 May 2018 6h15m13.72s + 0 10.149' 2.155 2.907 9.0 34.9 82.59 81.1 Ori 2 Jun 2018 6h23m57.37s + 0 29.492' 2.152 2.922 9.0 33.6 82.82 82.1 Mon Vesta (4) 29 May 2018 18h12m16.82s -18 26.199' 2.153 1.196 5.8 154.0 25.23 252.7 Sgr 2 Jun 2018 18h09m21.42s -18 38.847' 2.153 1.178 5.7 158.4 29.05 253.4 Sgr Evnomiya (15) 29 May 2018 14h22m09.60s -29 57.868' 3.099 2.168 10.0 151.8 28.59 307.6 Hya 2 Jun 2018 14h19m32.32s -29 29.845' 3.096 2.189 10.0 148.0 26.58 311.3 Hya Amfitrita (29) 29 May 2018 17h50m20.99s -32 48.365' 2.726 1.762 9.8 157.4 28.69 262.1 Sco 2 Jun 2018 17h46m35.52s -32 53.869' 2.725 1.744 9.7 161.5 30.85 264.6 Sco a pryamoe voshozhdenie dlya epohi 2000.0, d - sklonenie dlya epohi 2000.0, r - rasstoyanie ot Solnca (a.e.), delta - rasstoyanie ot Zemli (a.e.), m - zvezdnaya velichina, elon. - elongaciya, V - uglovaya skorost' (sekund v chas), RA - pozicionnyi ugol napravleniya dvizheniya nebesnogo tela, son. - sozvezdie
Izbrannye astronomicheskie yavleniya nedeli.
Vremya dlya yavlenii privoditsya vsemirnoe. Na saite Sergeya Gur'yanova mozhno pol'zovat'sya veb-versiei AK na 2018 god s obshim obzorom zvezdnogo neba i yavlenii maya i iyunya mesyaca. Svedeniya ot drugih yavleniyah imeyutsya v KN na mai i KN na iyun', Astronomicheskom kalendare na 2018 god, Astronomicheskom kalendare - spravochnike i kalendare Salsky .
28 maya, vecher - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda RT Lebedya bliz maksimuma bleska (6m).
29 maya, 14 chasov 20 minut - Polnolunie.
30 maya i vsyu nedelyu, sumerki - Vozmozhnost' poyavleniya serebristyh oblakov na sumerechnom segmente.
31 maya, noch' - Dolgoperiodicheskaya peremennaya zvezda R Zmeenosca bliz maksimuma bleska (6,5m).
01 iyunya, utro - Luna (F= 0,95-) bliz Saturna okolo maksimal'nogo skloneniya k yugu ot nebesnogo ekvatora.
02 iyunya, 16 chasov 35 minut - Luna (F= 0,85-) v apogee svoei orbity na rasstoyanii 405310 km ot centra Zemli-
03 iyunya, utro - Luna (F= 0,8-) prohodit severnee Marsa okolo nishodyashego uzla svoei orbity.
Dopolnitel'no o yavleniyah i nablyudeniyah - na Astroforume, Starlab, Meteoveb, Bol'shaya Vselennaya i DvaStrel'ca.
Vid zvezdnogo neba v techenie nedeli v srednih shirotah (masshtab vida planet v teleskop soblyuden, sever vverhu):
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Vid yugo-vostochnoi i yuzhnoi chasti polunochnogo neba 31 maya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid yugo-vostochnoi i yuzhnoi chasti neba za chas do voshoda Solnca 31 maya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
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Vid zapadnoi i severo-zapadnoi chasti neba cherez chas posle zahoda Solnca 31 maya v gorodah na shirote Moskvy.
Istochniki: Kalendar' Nablyudatelya N05 i 06 AstroKA; StarryNightBackyard 3.1 (opisatel'naya chast' i vid neba), http://saros70.narod.ru/ (kalendar'), GUIDE 8.0 (polozhenie asteroidov i komet), http://aerith.net/comet/weekly/current.html (operativnye svedeniya o kometah), http://www.imo.net (meteory), AAVSO (peremennye zvezdy), http://www.astronet.ru/db/msg/1388759 (Astronomicheskii kalendar' spravochnik ot 1901 do 2100 goda), http://www.calsky.com/ (on-lain kalendar'), http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/ (katalog asteroidov i komet, a takzhe operativnaya informaciya o novyh nebesnyh telah), http://asteroidoccultation.com/IndexAll.htm (pokrytiya zvezd asteroidami).
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Publikacii s klyuchevymi slovami:
astronomicheskaya nedelya - lyubitel'skaya astronomiya - nebo - nevooruzhennym glazom
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