The R.A.P.Project "Prosto o slozhnom" "Astro-ph za pervuyu polovinu 2003 g." Nemnogo statistiki Predydushii vypusk (N65) Zvezdy AstroRuneta-2003 Slovar' astroterminov Spisok missii i teleskopov Obzory UFN Stat'i SOZh ANKa Dnya 19.01.2004. Saturn pochti ne viden ... Soderzhanie i bystryi perehod k razdelam obzora Stat'i nedeli "Luchshie iz luchshih" astro-ph/0401341 Temnaya materiya: rannie idei astro-ph/0401375 Trehmernoe modelirovanie diskovoi akkrecii na naklonnyi dipol' astro-ph/0401404 Statisticheskie problemy v sovremennoi astronomii astro-ph/0401424 Chislennye sovpadeniya i "podgonka" v kosmologii astro-ph/0401451 Modelirovanie vybrosa zvezd iz tumannosti Oriona Otdel'nye stat'i 3-D vzryvy: meditaciya na vrashenii (i magnitnyh polyah) Itog konferencii: trehmernye vzryvy Tochnoe polozhenie anomal'nogo rentgenovskogo pul'sara XTE J1810-197 i ego identifikaciya v IK Temnaya materiya: rannie idei Skopleniya i sverhskopleniya v Sloanovskom obzore i obzore Las Campanas Mezhzvezdnoe pogloshenie v nashei Galaktike Vselennaya - eto strannoe mesto Razgadyvaya proishozhdenie buryh karlikov Pochti neszhimaemye planety: nekotoraya analitika O nedavnei istorii zvezdoobrazovaniya v diske Mlechnogo Puti Trehmernoe modelirovanie diskovoi akkrecii na naklonnyi dipol' Nukleosintez, reionizaciya i funkciya mass pervyh zvezd Poisk peremennyh zvezd v central'noi chasti sharovogo skopleniya M22 Neteplovoe radioizluchenie ot odinochnyh goryachih zvezd Statisticheskie problemy v sovremennoi astronomii Triggery vspleskov magnitarov Chislennye sovpadeniya i "podgonka" v kosmologii Mertv li Mestnyi puzyr'? O prirode peremennogo infrakrasnogo izlucheniya ot Sgr A* Izmerenie mass chernyh dyr Strategiya obnaruzheniya okolozemnyh ob'ektov po dannym teleskopa SDSS Modelirovanie vybrosa zvezd iz tumannosti Oriona Kollapsiruyushie Sverhnovye "na podhode" Massy zvezdnyh chernyh dyr i proverka teorii gravitacii Rentgenovskii pul'sar, bogatyi metallami vybros i udarnaya volna v okruzhayushem veshestve v ostatke sverhnovoi G292.0+1.8 Astronomiya neitrino vysokih energii: vozmozhnost' dlya fiziki elementarnyh chastic Iz razdela physics Mezhdunarodnyi Eksperimental'nyi Termoyadernyi Reaktor (METR) i rasprostranenie termoyadernogo oruzhiya On the Persistence of Particles Polnyi Arhiv predydushih vypuskov. Arhiv statei, voshedshih v vypuski s 01 iyulya 2002 g. po 31 marta 2003 g. Razdely arhiva (s aprelya 2003 g.): kosmologiya, neitrino, kosmicheskie luchi i gamma-astronomiya, galaktiki, AYaG, kvazary, nasha Galaktika, mezhzvezdnaya sreda, zvezdy, sverhnovye, ostatki sverhnovyh, chernye dyry, neitronnye zvezdy, linzirovanie, Solnce, ekzoplanety, Solnechnaya sistema, akkreciya, tesnye dvoinye sistemy, gamma-vspleski, gravitacionnye volny, mehanizmy izlucheniya, chislennoe modelirovanie, dinamika, mehanika metody obrabotki dannyh, MGD, metody nablyudenii, budushie nablyudatel'nye proekty, prochee. Poleznye astronomicheskie ssylki. Korotkoe esse ob elektronnyh preprintah. Obzornye stat'i v astro-ph s 2001 g. Obsudit' na forume Scientific.RU Obsudit' na forume Zvezdocheta Avtory proekta Sergei Popov Mihail Prohorov Postav'te u sebya nashu knopku! Proekt razmeshen na saitah: Vy mozhet takzhe razmestit' na svoem saite nashu lentu obzorov Novostnye lenty Novosti astronomii ot PRAO Tekushie otkrytiya v FECh Novosti kosmonavtiki Novosti ot UFN Informnauka Perst Podpiska na rassylku obzorov na Subscribe.Ru Druzhestvennaya rassylka "Okno vo Vselennuyu"

Obzory preprintov astro-ph Vypusk N66 astro-ph za 19 - 26 yanvarya 2004 goda: izbrannye stat'i Referaty otdel'nyh statei miniobzor astro-ph/0401322 3-D vzryvy: meditaciya na vrashenii (i magnitnyh polyah) (3-D Explosions: A Meditation on Rotation (and Magnetic Fields)) Authors: J. Craig Wheeler Comments: Introductory talk to be published in Cosmic Explosions in Three Dimensions: Asymmetries in Supernovae and Gamma-Ray Bursts eds P. Hoeflich, P, Kumar and J. C. Wheeler, Cambridge University Press. 10 pages, 1 eps figure, 1 table miniobzor astro-ph/0401323 Itog konferencii: trehmernye vzryvy (Conference Summary: Three Dimensional Explosions) Comments: Workshop summary to be published in Cosmic Explosions in Three Dimensions: Asymmetries in Supernovae and Gamma-Ray Bursts, eds P. Hoeflich, P, Kumar and J. C. Wheeler, Cambridge University Press. 9 pages Dve stat'i Krega Uillera: vvodnaya i zaklyuchitel'naya. Vmeste eti raboty sostavlyayut horoshii neperegruzhennyi detalyami obzor sovremennogo sostoyaniya del v izuchenii vzryvov sverhnovyh i svyazannyh s etim fenomenov. Ves' tekst napisan ochen' po delu, prichem avtor reshil (i preuspel!) isklyuchitel'no slovesno (t.e. bez formul) izlozhit' sut' mnogih vazhnyh nedavnih rabot. Edinstvennoe, o chem mozhno pozhalet' - eto nedostatochnoe chislo illyustracii. Ochevidno, chto zadumka sostoit v tom, chto illyustracii privodyatsya v original'nyh stat'yah, tak chto sledite za stat'yami iz materialov etoi konferencii. V istoricheskih celyah privedem odin abzac iz vtoroi stat'i: "In terms of giving credit, Stirling Colgate revealed the true father of modern supernova research: Scratchy Serapkin. Anatoly Serapkin was the head of the Soviet delegation to the Geneva talks aimed at the Limited Test Ban Treaty to abandon space, atmospheric, and underwater nuclear talks in 1963. Colgate was one of the representatives on the U.S. side with the self-appointed goal of convincing both sides that we needed to understand the astrophysical `background" to avoid confusing a natural event with a bomb test. The yet-to-be famous Vela satellites played a role in these discussions. Colgate said supernovae might be confused with a test. Scratchy, not a scientist himself, fixed him with a steely glare and inquired, `Who knows how supernovae work?" Colgate realized what thin ground he, and the U.S. delegation, were on, returned to Livermore and made the case to Edward Teller that understanding supernovae must become a primary goal of the lab. The rest is history." astro-ph/0401334 Tochnoe polozhenie anomal'nogo rentgenovskogo pul'sara XTE J1810-197 i ego identifikaciya v IK (Accurate X-ray position of the Anomalous X-ray Pulsar XTE J1810-197 and identification of its likely IR counterpart) Authors: G.L. Israel et al. Comments: 5 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication on ApJ Letters Napomnim, chto anomal'nye rentgenovskie pul'sary byli vydeleny v otdel'nyi klass na osnove blizosti periodov (5-10 sekund), otsutstviya vtorogo komponenta i stabil'nogo zamedleniya vrasheniya (uvelicheniya perioda). Naibolee populyarnoi gipotezoi o prirode etih istochnikov yavlyaetsya magnitarnaya teoriya Tompsona i Dunkana (krome togo, ryad avtorov prodolzhaet razvivat' teoriyu akkrecii iz ostatochnogo diska). V stat'e opisyvayutsya nablyudeniya novogo kandidata v anomal'nye pul'sary. Izyuminka sostoit v sil'noi peremennosti izlucheniya. Problem tut poyavlyaetsya dve. Pervaya sostoit v tom, chto magnitarnaya gipoteza ne predskazyvala takogo povedeniya. Vtoraya takova, koli ob'ekt provodit mnogo vremeni v "tihom" sostoyanii, to chislo takih istochnikov mozhet byt' ochen' veliko. Chto zh, voprosy zadany - budem dumat' .... obzor astro-ph/0401341 Temnaya materiya: rannie idei (Dark Matter: Early Considerations) Authors: J. Einasto Comments: 18 pages LaTeX text, submitted for Proceedings of the NATO Summer Shool "Frontiers of the Universe" in Cargese 9 - 20 September 2003 Obzor istorii issledovanii temnoi materii. Na nash vzglyad tema eta dovol'no interesnaya. Zadumaites', otkrytie togo, chto vselennaya na 90 procentov sostoit iz temnogo "nechto" - odno iz samyh porazitel'nyh za poslednie let 30. A vot Nobelevku za eto ne dali i ne dadut, potomu kak eto rezul'tat kollektivnogo truda raznyh uchenyh, ispol'zovavshihsya raznye metody i podhody. Bezuslovno, pochitat' pro eto ochen' interesno. astro-ph/0401342 Skopleniya i sverhskopleniya v Sloanovskom obzore i obzore Las Campanas (Clusters and Superclusters in the Sloan and Las Campanas Surveys) Authors: J. Einasto Comments: 15 pages LaTeX text, 11 Postscript figures, submitted for Proceedings of the Tenth Marcel Grossmann Meeting, Rio de Janeiro, July 20 - 26, 2003 Eshe odna stat'ya Einasto. Na etot raz original'naya, a ne obzornaya. Opisyvayutsya rezul'taty po poisku skoplenii i sverhskoplenii v sovremennyh obzorah. Privodyatsya novye izobrazheniya krupnomasshtabnoi struktury Vselennoi. Opisyvayutsya osobennosti skoplenii i sverhskoplenii na raznyh krasnyh smesheniyah, v raznom okruzhenii i v raznyh chastyah neba. obzor astro-ph/0401344 Mezhzvezdnoe pogloshenie v nashei Galaktike (Interstellar Extinction in the Milky Way Galaxy) Authors: Edward L. Fitzpatrick Comments: Invited review at the Astrophysics of Dust 2003 Symposium held in Estes Park, Colorado, USA in May 26-30, 2003. Conference proceedings to be published through the ASP Conference Series in 2004, edited by A. Witt, B. Draine, and G. Clayton. 24 pages, including 14 figures Chitateli navernyaka pomnyat, chto pervye popytki ustanovit' formu i razmer nashei Galaktiki privodili k strannym rezul'tatam: Solnce okazyvalos' vblizi centra. Delo otchasti bylo v tom, chto togda ne znali o mezhzvezdnom pogloshenii sveta. Esli vy ne hotite ostavat'sya v polozhenii uchenyh 18 veka, to chitaite etot obzor. Tam pro pogloshenie sveta (ot IK do UF) podrobno rasskazano. populyarnyi miniobzor astro-ph/0401347 Vselennaya - eto strannoe mesto (The Universe is a Strange Place) Authors: Frank Wilczek Comments: 12 pages; Keynote talk at SpacePartII, Washington D.C., Dec. 2003; to be published in the Porceedings Vil'chek, buduchi izvestnym uchenym (dve stat'i v pervoi sotne topsaitnyh rabot po fizike vysokih energii!), izvesten i kak avtor interesnyh korotkih dokladov/obzorov. Eto odin iz nih. Stat'ya posvyasheno sovremennomu sostoyaniyu, problemam i perspektivam fundamental'noi teoreticheskoi fiziki i otchasti kosmologii. astro-ph/0401350 Razgadyvaya proishozhdenie buryh karlikov (Unraveling Brown Dwarf Origins) Authors: Ray Jayawardhana Comments: 3 pages, no figures, Science, 303, 322 (2004 January 16 issue) Malen'kaya populyarnaya stat'ya dlya zhurnala Science. Burye (korichnevye) karliki zanimayut razmytuyu polosu mezhdu malomassivnymi zvezdami i planetami. Pohozhe, chto eti ob'ekty tipichny kak v okrestnostyah Solnca, tak i v oblastyah zvezdoobrazovaniya. Ih proishozhdenie vse eshe obsuzhdaetsya. Nekotorye astronomy predpolagayut, chto burye karliki eto "zvezdnye embriony", vybroshennye iz novorozhdennyh kratnyh zvezdnyh sistem. Drugaya gipoteza: oni formiruyutsya kak obychnye zvezdy, v rezul'tate fragmentacii kollapsiruyushih gazovyh oblakov. astro-ph/0401359 Pochti neszhimaemye planety: nekotoraya analitika (The quasi-incompressible planet: some analytics) Authors: Zakir F. Seidov Comments: 14 pp LaTeX Teoriya samogravitiruyushih politropnyh sharov razrabatyvalas' vo vtoroi polovine XIX veka. V 1907 g. v knige Emdena eta teoriya byla opublikovana v zakonchennom vide. No do sih por, vremya ot vremeni, poyavlyayutsya dopolneniya k nei. V dannoi rabote polucheny nekotorye tochnye i nekotorye priblizhennye formuly dlya vnutrennei struktury nevrashayushihsya (t.e. sfericheskih) politropnyh sharov iz pochti neszhimaemoi zhidkosti s indeksom politropy . PS: Indeks politropy opredelyaet svyaz' davleniya i plotnosti veshestva astro-ph/0401360 O nedavnei istorii zvezdoobrazovaniya v diske Mlechnogo Puti (On the recent star formation history of the Milky Way disk) Authors: R. de la Fuente Marcos, C. de la Fuente Marcos Comments: 38 pages, 11 figures. Ob'emnaya i podrobnaya rabota: avtory pytayutsya vosstanovit' detal'nyi (s shagom 50 mln. let) vid funkcii zvezdoobrazovaniya v diske nashei Galaktiki za poslednie 2 mlrd. let po raspredeleniyu vozrastov rasseyannyh skoplenii. Strogo odnoznachnogo rezul'tata ne poluchilos', no, chto ochen' interesno, vidna nekotoraya ciklichnost' s periodom okolo 400 mln. let. Rekonstrukcii istorii Galaktiki na bOl'shih vremenah po sharovym skopleniyam posvyashena stat'ya astro-ph/0401366. astro-ph/0401375 Trehmernoe modelirovanie diskovoi akkrecii na naklonnyi dipol' (Three-dimensional Simulations of Disk Accretion to an Inclined Dipole: I. Magnetospheric Flow at Different Theta) Authors: M.M.Romanova et al. Comments: 26 pages, 22 figures, ApJ, 595 (2003), 1009-1031 Eto ne pervaya rabota dannyh avtorov po chislennoi MGD, do etogo byla akkreciya na soosnyi dipol', na bystro dvizhushuyusya, no nevrashayushuyusya zvezdu i t.d. Stat'yu mozhno chitat' dvumya sposobami: vnimatel'no vchityvat'sya v ispol'zovannye granichnye usloviya i parametry sredy - eto dlya specialistov gidrodinamikov, fizikov plazmy i astrofizikov, ili prosto smotret' na kartinki - ih mnogo i nizhe privedena odna iz samyh prostyh i ne krasochnyh. Shema nachal'nyh uslovii rascheta: sechenie vdol' osi vrasheniya Na saite avtorov mozhno posmotret' fil'm, sledannyi po etim raschetam: http://www.astro.cornell.edu/us-rus/inclined.htm. astro-ph/0401376 Nukleosintez, reionizaciya i funkciya mass pervyh zvezd (Nucleosynthesis, Reionization, and the Mass Function of the First Stars) Authors: Jason Tumlinson et al. Comments: submitted to ApJ Vo mnogih populyarnyh na segodnyashnii den' modelyah pervoe pokolenie zvezd predstavleno ochen' massivnymi ob'ektami (140 mass solnca i bol'she). Avtory dannoi stat'i pytayutsya prodemonstrirovat', chto mozhno oboitis' bez vvedeniya stol' massivnyh zvezd. A imenno. Oni pokazyvayut, chto dannye po soderzhaniyu elementov v zvezdah galo nashei Galaktiki mozhno ob'yasnyat' rezul'tatom zhiznideyatel'nosti zvezd normal'nyh mass. A takzhe, chto dannye, poluchennye WMAP, po reionizacii (ili, kak eshe govoryat, vtorichnoi ionizacii) Vselennoi opisyvayutsya bez privlecheniya ochen' massivnyh zvezd. Avtory predlagayut ogranichit'sya funkciei mass, prostirayusheisya ot 10-20 mass Solnca do primerno 120 solnechnyh mass. astro-ph/0401385 Poisk peremennyh zvezd v central'noi chasti sharovogo skopleniya M22 (Searching for Variable Stars in the Central Part of the Globular Cluster M22) Authors: P.Pietrukowicz, J. Kaluzny Comments: 10 pages, 4 figures, Acta Astronomica v.53, p.371 (2004) Avtory sdelali popytku naiti peremennye zvezdy v centre sharovogo skopleniya M22 po serii fotografii s Habblovskogo teleskopa. Popytka okazalas' uspeshnoi: byli naideny 11 peremennyh zvezd iz kotoryh 8 - novye. Pyat' zvezd opredelenno yavlyayutsya zatmennymi dvoinymi, a odna otnositsya k tipu SX Phe. Nizhe pokazany oblast' poiska i krivye bleska naidennyh peremennyh zvezd. astro-ph/0401389 Neteplovoe radioizluchenie ot odinochnyh goryachih zvezd (Non-thermal radio emission from single hot stars) Authors: S. Van Loo, M.C. Runacres, R. Blomme Comments: 9 pages, 4 figures. Avtory razrabotali teoreticheskuyu model' neteplovogo izlucheniya ot odinochnoi goryachei zvezdy. Ono porozhdaetsya pri vzaimodeistvii ee moshnogo vetra s mezhzvezdnym veshestvom. Model' opisyvaetsya vsego pyat'yu parametrami. Dalee model' byla primenena k vysokokachestvennym nablyudeniyam zvezdy Cyg OB2 No. 9 (spektral'nogo klassa O5 If). Takoe sravnenie pozvolilo opredelit' nekotorye iz parametrov modeli: udarnaya volna udalena ot zvezdy na rasstoyanie ot 500 do 2200 ee radiusov; sama volna dostatochno slabaya (veshestvo v nei szhimaetsya menee, chem v 3 raza). Nu i, konechno, poluchennye rezul'taty obsuzhdayutsya. miniobzor astro-ph/0401404 Statisticheskie problemy v sovremennoi astronomii (Statistical Challenges in Modern Astronomy) Authors: E. D. Feigelson, G. J. Babu Comments: Talk from PhyStat2003, Stanford, Ca, USA, September 2003, 7 pages. PSN MOAT001 My uzhe pisali o mnogih dokladah s etoi konferencii. Sut' pochti vseh iz nih svodilas' k tomu, chto v samyh raznyh oblastyah nauki uchenye ne ispol'zuyut naibolee sovremennye, prodvinutye, perspektivnye metody statisticheskoi obrabotki dannyh. I eto pravda! V dannoi rabote rech' idet o tom, chto upuskayut astronomy, prenebregaya sovremennymi dostizheniyami matstatistiki. Krome togo, opisyvayutsya stoyashie pered astronomami zadachi, kotorye dolzhny prostimulirovat' statistikov razrabatyvat' sootvetstvuyushie metody. miniobzor astro-ph/0401415 Triggery vspleskov magnitarov (Triggers of magnetar outbursts) Authors: Robert C. Duncan Comments: Invited review, "3-D Signatures in Stellar Explosions," eds. P.Hoeflich, P. Kumar & J.C. Wheeler (Cambridge Univ. Press 2004) [15 pages, no figures] V naibolee populyarnoi i prorabotannoi modeli istochniki myagkih povtoryayushihsya gamma-vspleskov (MPG) i anomal'nye rentgenovskie pul'sary (ARP) yavlyayutsya sil'nozamagnichennymi neitronnymi zvezdami - magnitarami. Vremya ot vremeni na nih proishodyat vspyshki. Est' teoriya, chto vspyshki svyazany s peresoedineniem magnitnyh silovyh linii. Peresoedinenie linii mozhet byt' svyazano s neustoichivostyami v magnitosfere, a mozhet - s podvizhkami kory. V dannoi stat'e avtor razvivaet vtoruyu ideyu. V nachale daetsya kratkoe vvedenie. Tam opisyvaetsya (na kachestvennom urovne) stroenie vneshnih sloev neitronnoi zvezdy (vy uznaete, chto takoe "yadernye spagetti", "yadernaya lazan'ya" i "invertirovannye belyashi"). Kstati, v zemnyh laboratoriyah uchenye uspeshno izuchayut sostoyanie veshestva, kachestvenno pohozhee na koru neitronnoi zvezdy. Zatem opisyvaetsya nablyudatel'naya storona dela. Nakonec vo vtoroi polovine raboty Dunkan rasskazyvaet, kak processy v kore neitronnoi zvezdy mogut privodit' k vspyshkam. populyarnyi miniobzor astro-ph/0401424 Chislennye sovpadeniya i "podgonka" v kosmologii (Numerical coincidences and 'tuning' in cosmology) Authors: Martin J. Rees Comments: 14 pages, 4 figures, published in "Fred Hoyle's Universe", ed C. Wickramasinghe et al. (Kluwer), pp 95-108 (2003) Bozhii zamysel, antropnyi princip, sluchainoe sovpadenie, otrazhenie kakih-to neizvestnyh zakonov prirody, ....? V Prirode mnogo sovpadenii, ob'yasnit' kotorye slozhno (na russkom mozhno posmotret' knigu Geometriya, dinamika, Vselennaya, a takzhe staruyu knigu Rozentalya "Elementarnye chasticy i struktura Vselennoi" i ego zhe obzory v UFN). Martin Ris rassuzhdaet o nekotoryh iz nih (v tom chisle i v terminah mul'tiversa, stat'yu o kotorom mozhno naiti na Astronete). miniobzor astro-ph/0401428 Mertv li Mestnyi puzyr'? (Is the Local Bubble dead?) Authors: Dieter Breitschwerdt, Donald P. Cox Comments: 11 pages, 4 figures, Summary of the Panel Discussion "The Local Bubble", to appear in: Proceedings of the Conference "How the Galaxy Works - Galactic Tertulia: A Tribute to Don Cox and Ron Reynolds'', Granada (Spain), 23-27 June 2003, Kluwer (in press), eds. E.J Alfaro, E. Perez, J. Franco My uzhe pisali o Mestnom puzyre. Eto svoego roda polost' nepravil'noi formy vnutri kotoroi my i nahodimsya. Polagayut, chto prichinoi obrazovaniya Puzyrya stalo neskol'ko vzryvov sverhnovyh, proizoshedshih na protyazhenii neskol'kih millionov let. S Puzyrem i vzryvami svyazyvayut neskol'ko interesnvyh fenomenov: ot osobennostei v spektre kosmicheskih luchei do ischeznoveniya vidov na Zemle. V stat'e daetsya kratkii ocherk poslednih issledovanii Mestnogo puzyrya. V osnovnom opisyvayutsya dannye nablyudenii (v tom chisle v ih istoricheskom razvitii). Nekotoroe mesto otvedeno i modelyam (starym i novym). astro-ph/0401429 O prirode peremennogo infrakrasnogo izlucheniya ot Sgr A* (On The Nature of the Variable Infrared Emission from Sgr A*) Authors: Feng Yuan, Eliot Quataert, Ramesh Narayan Comments: 17 pages, 5 figures, accepted by ApJ Okazyvaetsya, izluchenie istochnika Sgr A* - central'noi chernoi dyry nashei Galaktiki - ochen' bystro menyaetsya v infrakrasnom diapazone. Harakternoe vremya peremennosti sostavlyaet okolo 30 min. Ono sovpadaet s rentgenovskoi peremennost'yu, obnaruzhennoi na sputnikah Chandra i XMM, chto pozvolyaet sdelat' predpolozhenie ob ih obshei prirode. Avtory pytayutsya ob'yasnit' IK-izluchenie neteplovym sinhrotronom iz naibolee vnutrennih chastei akkrecionnogo diska, a rentgenovskoe - komptonizaciei myagkogo IK-izlucheniya. Postroeny model'nye spektry. miniobzor astro-ph/0401436 Izmerenie mass chernyh dyr (Black-Hole Mass Measurements) Authors: M. Vestergaard Comments: 6 pages. Invited review at GN Physics with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey' conference (July 2003), eds. G. Richards and P. Hall (ASP Conf. Series, 2004) Korotkii obzor po populyarnoi segodnya tematike. Kak izvestno, naibol'shee chislo izvestnyh kandidatov chernye dyry - eto massivnye ob'ekty v central'nyh oblastyah galaktik. Chislo ih perevalilo za sotnyu i postoyanno rastet. Est' neskol'ko metodik, kotorye pozvolyayut opredelit' massu central'noi chernoi dyry. V obzore kratko perechislyayutsya eti sposoby, a takzhe privodyatsya poslednie rezul'taty. Dovol'no ponyatnoe kratkoe ob'yasnenie vseh metodov! astro-ph/0401438 Strategiya obnaruzheniya okolozemnyh ob'ektov po dannym teleskopa SDSS (A Strategy for Finding Near Earth Objects with the SDSS Telescope) Authors: Sean N. Raymond et al. Comments: Accepted by AJ -- 12 pages, 11 figures Srazu ogovorimsya, predstavlyaemaya rabota - eto polnomasshtabnaya original'naya stat'ya, prinyataya v naibolee chitaemyi astronomami-nablyudatelyami zhurnal. Vse znayut o vazhnyh dostizheniyah, poluchennyh v ramkah Sloanovskogo cifrovogo obzora neba. Takzhe my neodnokratno pisale o ryade vazhnyh "pobochnyh" rezul'tatov. Odnako, my nikogda ne pisali (da i ne chitali) ob interesnyh predlozheniyah po ispol'zovaniyu unikal'noi apparatury sozdannoi special'no dlya obzora (2.5-metrovyi teleskop i sistema CCD-kamer). Avtory predlagayut ispol'zovat' unikal'nuyu sistemu dlya poiska okolozemnyh ob'ektov. Rech' idet vpervuyu ochered' o potencial'no opasnyh ob'ektah s razmerami okolo 1 km. Krome togo, takoe primenenie teleskopa privelo by k obnaruzheniyu mnozhestva drugih malyh tel v Solnechnoi sisteme, chto takzhe predstavlyaet bol'shoi interes (vozmozhno, bolee nauchnyi, chem prakticheskii, hotya, kto znaet?). astro-ph/0401451 Modelirovanie vybrosa zvezd iz tumannosti Oriona (N-body simulations of stars escaping from the Orion nebula) Authors: A.Gualandris et al. Comments: 14 pages, 13 figures, 5 tables. Ot tumannosti Oriona v pochti protivopolozhnyh napravleniyah udalyayutsya dve odinochnye ubegayushie zvezdy AE Aurigae i μ Columbae. Krome togo ot tumannosti so skorost'yu bol'shei 100 km/s letit dvoinaya sistema ι Ori s ekscentrisitetom orbity e=0.8. Vse eti zvezdy vyleteli iz tumannosti primerno 2.5 mln. let nazad. Avtory raboty pytayutsya smodelirovat' dannoe sobytie. Shema odnogo iz variantov razleta miniobzor astro-ph/0401461 Kollapsiruyushie Sverhnovye "na podhode" (Core-Collapse Supernovae at the Threshold) Authors: H.-Th. Janka et al. Astrophysics, Garching) Comments: 8 pages, 3 figures, high-quality available upon request; contribution to Procs. IAU Coll. 192, "Supernovae", Eds. J.M. Marcaide ad K.W. Weiler, Springer Ochen' malen'kii obzor odnoi iz samyh avtoritetnyh grupp po chislennomu modelirovaniyu Sverhnovyh. Chto stalo yasno na segodnyashnii den': dvumernye osesimmetrichnye modeli, dazhe s ochen' izoshrennym perenosom neitrino, ne priveli k uspehu. No est' yavnye priznaki togo, chto (v trehmerii) dannaya problema blizka k resheniyu. "Fotografii" dvumernogo kollapsa v raznye momenty vremeni astro-ph/0401466 Massy zvezdnyh chernyh dyr i proverka teorii gravitacii (Masses of Stellar Black Holes and Testing Theories of Gravitation) Authors: K. A. Postnov and A. M. Cherepashchuk Comments: 11 pages, 2 figures, Astronomy Reports v.80, p.1075-1085 (2003) V nekotoryh novyh teoriyah gravitacii (mnogomernyh, brannyh i t.d.) isparenie chernyh dyr idet na mnogo poryadkov bystree, chem v OTO. Odnako, v dvoinyh sistemah my vidim pochti dva desyatka kandidatov v chernye dyry s dostatochno vysokimi massami. Oni ne isparilis'. Etot astronomicheskii fakt nakladyvaet neozhidanno sil'nye ogranicheniya na sootvetstvuyushie teorii. astro-ph/0401472 Rentgenovskii pul'sar, bogatyi metallami vybros i udarnaya volna v okruzhayushem veshestve v ostatke sverhnovoi G292.0+1.8 (An X-Ray Pulsar, Metal-rich Ejecta, and Shocked Ambient Medium in the Supernova Remnant G292.0+1.8) Authors: John P. Hughes et al. Comments: 4 pages, including 3 postscript figs, LaTeX, to appear in "Young Neutron Stars and Their Environments" (IAU Symposium 218, ASP Conference Proceedings), eds F. Camilo and B. M. Gaensler Poskol'ku neitronnye zvezdy otnosyatsya k nashei oblasti professional'nyh interesov, to my pishem o nih dostatochno chasto. Takzhe my ne ustaem povtoryat', chto s nachal'nymi parametrami neitronnyh zvezd daleko ne vse yasno. Yasno tol'ko, chto rozhdayutsya oni ochen' raznymi. Poetomu privlekayut vnimanie istochniki v ostatkah sverhnovyh ... Ostatok G292.0+1.8 schitaetsya ochen' pohozhim na Cas A, gde pervye zhe nablyudeniya Chandry vyyavili ochen' strannyi tochechnyi istochnik. Do sih por neyasno yavlyaetsya li on neitronnoi zvezdoi ili chernoi dyroi, no uzh tochno ne yavlyaetsya normal'nym molodym radiopul'sarom (tipa Kraba). V G292.0+1.8 uzhe byla izvestna pul'sarnaya tumannost', a potom byl obnaruzhen i radiopul'sar s periodom 0.135 sekundy. I vot po dannym Chandra udalos' uvidet' pul'sacii i v rentgene. V optike na meste radiopul'sara nichego ne vidno vplot' do 26-i zvezdnoi velichiny. miniobzor hep-ph/0401153 Astronomiya neitrino vysokih energii: vozmozhnost' dlya fiziki elementarnyh chastic (High-Energy Neutrino Astronomy: Opportunities For Particle Physics) Authors: Dan Hooper Comments: 10 pages. Based on review talk given at the 2004 Cracow Epiphany Conference on Astroparticle Physics V nekotorom smysle sovremennaya fizika elementarnyh chastic nahoditsya v sostoyanii krizisa (zastoya), vyzvannogo nevozmozhnost'yu ekstensivnogo razvitiya: stroit' novye uskoriteli, kotorye na poryadki prevoshodili by predydushie po energii, ochen' dorogo. Poetomu fiziki vse chashe smotryat v nebo ne tol'ko s mol'boi o pomoshi, no i v poiskah vysokoenergichnyh chastic. Pomnite:"Vselennaya - eto uskoritel' dlya bednyh". V dannoim obzore avtor rassmatrivaet vopros o tom, chto mogut dat' nablyudeniya kosmicheskih neitrino vysokih energii dlya issledovanii rasshirenii Standartnoi modeli (o standartnoi modeli sm. obozrenie Igorya Ivanova). My budem starat'sya hotya by perechislit' interesnye (dlya shirokoi publiki) stat'i, poyavivshiesya v razdele physics (vklyuchaya cross-listing). physics/0401110 Mezhdunarodnyi Eksperimental'nyi Termoyadernyi Reaktor (METR) i rasprostranenie termoyadernogo oruzhiya (ITER: The International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor and the nuclear weapons proliferation implications of thermonuclear-fusion energy) Authors: Andre Gsponer, Jean-Pierre Hurni Comments: 67 pages, 4 tables, 6 figures Avtory polagayut, chto postroika v vysokotehnologichnoi Yaponii etogo reatora mozhet privesti kak k povysheniyu statusa etoi strany kak yadernoi derzhavy (t.e. yaponskie specialisty poluchat vse neobhodimye tehnologii), tak i voobshe k obostreniyu problemy (ne)rasprostraneniya etogo vida vooruzhenii (osobaya problema - tritii). physics/0401112 O postoyanstve elementarnyh chastic (On the Persistence of Particles) Authors: Jeremy Butterfield Comments: 31 pages Latex, no figures. Dedicated to the memory of James T. Cushing. Forthcoming in Foundations of Physics Priznaemsya srazu: my ne chitali etu rabotu, tol'ko prosmotreli. Eto ne fizika, a filosofiya. Dovol'no interesnaya na pervyi vzglyad. Vozmozhno, kto-to zahochet razobrat'sya v etom? My by s interesom pochitali izlozhenie.... Vernut'sya k nachalu stranicy

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