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15.03.03. (vypusk N35) astro-ph za 10 - 15 marta 2003 goda: izbrannye stat'i

astro-ph/0303153 Novye orbity v zadache n-tel (New Orbits for the n-Body Problem)
Authors: R.J. Vanderbei

astro-ph/0303171 Modeli kollapsa yadra uluchsheny, no vzryva vse net: chto ne tak? (Improved Models of Stellar Core Collapse and Still no Explosions: What is Missing?)
Authors: R. Buras et al.

astro-ph/0303175 Krupnomasshtabnaya struktura v Sloanovskom Cifrovom Obzore Neba (Large Scale Structure in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey)
Authors: M. Bernardi

astro-ph/0303180 Tochnaya kosmologiya? Eshe net (Precision Cosmology? Not Just Yet)
Authors: S.L.Bridle, O.Lahav, J.P.Ostriker, P.J.Steinhardt

astro-ph/0303151 Polnye 3-mernye orbity dlya neskol'kih zvezd proletayushih vblizi central'noi sverhmassivnoi chernoi dyry (Full Three Dimensional Orbits For Multiple Stars on Close Approaches to the Central Supermassive Black Hole)
Authors: A.M.Ghez et al.
Commets: 7 pages, 5 figures (abridged abstract)
Postroeny orbity eshe neskol'kih zvezd obrashayushihsya vokrug sverhmassivnoi chernoi dyry v centre nashei Galaktiki (predydushie postroeniya sm. zdes'.) Odna iz etih zvezd (S0-16) v 1999 godu proletala na rasstoyanie 60 AU ot chernoi dyry i imela v tot moment skorost' 9000 km/s. Na fotografii oblast' 1"x1" s centrom v Sgr A*.

astro-ph/0303153 Novye orbity v zadache n-tel (New Orbits for the n-Body Problem)
Authors: R.J. Vanderbei
Commets: 16 pages, 2 tables, 6 figures
Predlozhen metod nahozhdeniya periodicheskih reshenii v probleme n-tel. S ego pomosh'yu naideny neskol'ko chastnyh reshenii dlya n=3, 4 i 5. Nekotorye iz nih (dlya n=4) pokazany na risunke.

astro-ph/0303155 Rentgenovskie spektry molodyh pul'sarov i ih tumannostei: zavisimost' ot energii zamedleniya (X-ray Spectra of Young Pulsars and Their Wind Nebulae: Dependence on Spin-down Energy)
Authors: E. V. Gotthelf
Commets: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, LaTex, emulateapj5.sty. To appear in the June 20, 2003 issue of the Astrophysical Journal
Novye nablyudeniya trebuyut utochnenii modelei. Dannye Chandry, pozvolivshie podrobno izuchit' 9 krabopodobnyh pul'sarov i ih tumannosti, trebuyut peresmotra modeli rentgenovskih spektrov etih ob'ektov. Vo mnogom eto svyazano s tem, chto predydushie nablyudeniya ne mogli razdelit' spektry samogo pul'sara i tumannosti (iz-za nizkogo uglovogo razresheniya). V stat'e predstavleny rezul'taty popytki postroeniya novoi fenomenologicheskoi modeli.

astro-ph/0303171 Modeli kollapsa yadra uluchsheny, no vzryva vse net: chto ne tak? (Improved Models of Stellar Core Collapse and Still no Explosions: What is Missing?)
Authors: R. Buras et al.
Commets: 5 pages, PRL submitted; 3 eps figures, 1 colored, high-quality available upon request
Na t.n. tehasskoi konferencii vo Florencii v dekabre poshlogo goda porazil kommentarii Virdzhinii Trimbl, chto v obshem-to problema vzryva sverhnovoi reshena Vusli, Viverom i dr. (plyus kak obychno ehidnyi kommentarii, chto esli vy ne otlichaete Vusli-Vivera ot Visli-Vuvera, to slishkom dolgo rabotaete v etoi oblasti). Po ee mneniyu, ostaetsya tol'ko uchityvat' tonkosti: pole, vrashenie, him.sostav i t.d.
Odnako, ne vse tak prosto. Gruppa Yanki i dr. davno vyskazyvala pessimizm otnositel'no sushestvuyushih problem v fizike vzryva sverhnovoi, po ih mneniyu slishkom mnogoe zakladyvaetsya rukami. Vot novoe podtverzhdenie ih vzglyadov.
Novye detal'nye dvumernye raschety s vrasheniem i bez ne dayut vzryva. Odnimi neitrino vrode kak ne oboitis'. Vozmozhno kritichen uchet magnitnyh polei ili kakoi-to ekzotiki.
O neitrino v sverhnovyh sm. takzhe otdel'nuyu stat'yu toi zhe gruppy "Supernova neutrinos: Flavor-dependent fluxes and spectra" astro-ph/0303226.

miniobzor astro-ph/0303173 Dvoinye sverhmassivnye chernye dyry kak galakticheskie meshalki (Supermassive Black Hole Binaries as Galactic Blenders)
Authors: Henry E. Kandrup et al. Bohn
Commets: 16 pages plus 15 figures
Dvoinaya sverhmassivnaya chernaya dyra mozhet zdorovo "peremeshat'" zvezdy v galaktike. Kakie stadii est' u etogo processa? Kakova zona vliyaniya dvoinoi chernoi dyry? Kakie nablyudayushiesya fenomeny mozhno ob'yasnit' v ramkah etoi modeli? Vot osnovnye temy dannogo obzora.

astro-ph/0303174 Evolyuciya struktury relyativistskih dzhetov i krivye bleska poslesvechenii gamma-vspleskov (The Evolution of a Structured Relativistic Jet and GRB Afterglow Light-Curves)
Authors: Pawan Kumar and Jonathan Granot
Commets: 22 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ (scheduled for the v590, June 20, 2003 issue)
Avtory - obladateli horoshego relyativistskogo gidrodinamicheskogo koda, kotoryi pozvolyaet im schitat' processy v gamma-vspleskah. Poschitana ocherednaya model', posle chego pokazano, chto ee rezul'taty horosho opisyvayutsya prostym analiticheskim priblizheniem (no do vypolneniya raschetov vyskazat' takoe utverzhdenie bylo nel'zya).

astro-ph/0303175 Krupnomasshtabnaya struktura v Sloanovskom Cifrovom Obzore Neba (Large Scale Structure in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey)
Authors: M. Bernardi
Commets: 12 pages, 5 figures. To appear in "Carnegie Observatories Astrophysics Series, Vol. 2: Measuring and Modeling the Universe", ed. W. L. Freedman
Poslednie gody v astrofizike otmecheny vazhnym novshestvom: razvitie komp'yuternyh tehnologii pozvolilo provodit' massirovannye avtomaticheskie obzory neba v raznyh diapazonah. Nekotorye iz takih proektov svyazany s kosmologicheskimi issledovaniyami.
Napomnim, chto s nablyudatel'noi tochki zreniya sovremennaya kosmologiya baziruetsya na: nablyudeniyah reliktovogo izlucheniya, nablyudeniyah razbeganiya galaktik, dannyh o pervichnom nukleosinteze, dannyh po krupnomasshtabnoi strukture. Prichem, v svyazi s vozmozhnost'yu dostatochno detal'nyh raschetov obrazovaniya struktury poslednii punkt stal gorazdo vazhnee, chem on byl 20-30 let nazad.
V stat'e daetsya obzor rezul'tatov Sloanovskogo obzora po krupnomasshtabnoi strukture. S odnoi storony vse standartno: standartnaya ploskaya model' s kosmologicheskoi postoyannoi prekrasno vse opisyvaet. S drugoi - eto ne prosto novyi vazhnyi kusok dannyh, eto eshe i ochen' krasivo.

astro-ph/0303177 Nizkaya statistika kosmicheskih luchei sverhvysokih energii (Low Statistics of EHECRs)
Authors: Angela V. Olinto et al.
Commets: Proceedings of the International Workshopon Extremely High Energy Cosmic Rays, RIKEN, Japan
Esli kto-to propustil... Dannye dvuh eksperimentov po kosmicheskim lucham sverhvysokih energii - AGASA i HiRes - ne sovpadayut drug s drugom. Komandy uspeli obmenyat'sya rezkimi stat'yami, posvyashennymi poisku problem v eksperimente-sopernike i ob'yasneniyu svoei pravoty. Na samom dele rashozhdenie ne stol' kritichno. Po vsei vidimosti prosto mala statistika. Etomu i posvyashena stat'ya.

astro-ph/0303180 Tochnaya kosmologiya? Eshe net (Precision Cosmology? Not Just Yet)
Authors: S.L.Bridle, O.Lahav, J.P.Ostriker, P.J.Steinhardt
Commets: 2 pages, 2 figures. See online journal version
Dannye WMAP po nablyudeniyu anizotropii relikta vkupe s drugimi eksperimental'nymi dannymi povysili tochnost' opredeleniya kosmologicheskih parametrov primerno v 2 raza. Dostatochno li etogo, chtoby proverit' klyuchevye komponenty standartnoi kosmologicheskoi modeli? Na dvuh stranicah avtory pokazyvayut, chto net.

astro-ph/0303182 Uravnenie dvizheniya chastic proizvol'noi formy v pole izlucheniya (Equation of Motion for an Arbitrarily Shaped Particle Moving in a Radiation Field)
Authors: Jozef Klacka
Avtor vyvel kovariantnye uravneniya dvizheniya chastic pyli proizvol'noi formy v kotoryh uchityvaetsya vliyanie vneshnei elektromagnitnoi radiacii i teplovogo izlucheniya samih chastic. Uravneniya vyrazheny cherez standartnye opticheskie parametry. [Ne ponyatno, zachem dlya pyli vyvodit' relyativistskoe uravnenie dvizheniya? Vprochem eto nikogda i nigde ne meshaet.]

obzor astro-ph/0303194 Dissipaciya elektromagnitnogo potoka: sigma-problema s vetrom pul'sara v Krabe (Dissipation in Poynting-flux Dominated Flows: the Sigma-Problem of the Crab Pulsar Wind)
Authors: J. G. Kirk and O. Skjaeraasen
Commets: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Vnutri svetovogo cilindra energiya vrasheniya pul'sara perenositsya prakticheski polnost'yu elektromagnitnym potokom (potokom Pointinga), eto vyvod vseh sovremenny teorii i modelei. A uzhe nedaleko za svetovym cilindrom eta energiya prakticheski polnost'yu okazyvaetsya zaklyuchennoi v potoke relyativistskih chastic (vzaimodeistvie kotoryh s veshestvom nablyudaetsya). Raspredelenie unosimoi energii mezhdu elektromagnitnym potokom i chasticami opisyvaetsya parametrom sigma. Polnoi modeli dannogo processa na segodnyashnii den' net.

miniobzor astro-ph/0303199 Vrashenie malomassivnyh zvezd do glavnoi posledovatel'nosti (The Rotation of Low-Mass Pre-Main-Sequence Stars)
Authors: Robert D. Mathieu
Commets: 10 pages, 5 figures, conference proceedings
V stat'e dan obzor nablyudatel'nyh rezul'tatov poslednih 10 let o vrashenii malomassivnyh zvezd eshe ne dostigshih glavnoi posledovatel'nosti. Obsuzhdayutsya vozmozhnye mehanizmy ih tormozheniya.

astro-ph/0303200 Skurpuleznoe sravnenie razlichnyh algoritmov obnaruzheniya planet (A rigorous comparison of different planet detection algorithms)
Authors: B. Tingley
Commets: Accepted for publications by Astronomy and Astrophysics
Navernoe nazvanie stat'i ne sovsem tochno - deistvitel'no rassmatrivayutsya neskol'ko algoritmov obnaruzheniya vnesolnechnyh planet, no tol'ko po ih prohozhdeniyu po disku zvezdy. Dana statisticheskaya ocenka effektivnosti metodov.

astro-ph/0303209 COSMOS: radiacionno-himo-gidrodinamicheskii kod dlya astrofizicheskih zadach (COSMOS: A Radiation-Chemo-Hydrodynamics Code for Astrophysical Problems)
Authors: Peter Anninos et al.
Commets: 29 pages, 15 figures, to appear in Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
Opisyvaetsya moguchii vychislitel'nyi kod. Stat'ya tehnicheskaya. Privodyatsya rezul'taty testovyh progonov, obsuzhdayutsya uravneniya i t.p. Budet interesno vsem, kto zanimaetsya matmodelirovaniem.

astro-ph/0303232 Radio i gamma- izluchenie pul'sarov (Radio and gamma-ray emission from pulsars)
Authors: G.J. Qiao, K.J. Lee, H.G. Wang, R.X. Xu
Commets: 4 pages, 1 figure, in the meeting on "Radio Pulsars", Crete 2002, in press
Nesmotrya na to, chto pul'sary izvestny uzhe bolee 35 let, mehanizm ih izlucheniya do konca ne ponyat. Avtory stat'i predstavlyayut ocherednuyu popytku opisat' izluchenie pul'sarov ot radio do gamma diapazona v edinoi modeli.
Dannaya stat'ya - eto materialy konferencii. potomu tut ochen' kratko, tezisno, perechisleny osnovnye cherty modeli. Osnovnuyu rol' v podhode avtorov stat'i igraet obratnoe komptonovskoe rasseyanie. Podgonkoi parametrov modeli im udaetsya opisat' impul'sy 7 horosho izuchennyh pul'sarov.

hep-ph/0303073 Vliyanie CFL kvarkovoi materii na ohlazhdenie kompaktnyh zvezd (Impact of CFL Quark Matter on the Cooling of Compact Stars)
Authors: Igor A. Shovkovy, Paul J. Ellis
Commets: 7 pages. Talk presented at 2002 International Workshop "On Strong Coupling Gauge Theories And Effective Field Theories" (SCGT 02), 10-13 December 2002, Nagoya, Japan
V fizike neitronnyh zvezd ochen' vazhnoi i interesnoi zadachei yavlyaetsya raschet ih ohlazhdeniya. Delo v tom, chto s odnoi storony eta problema trebuet ponimaniya povedeniya veshestva v ekstremal'nyh usloviyah, s drugoi - eto mozhno proverit' v nablyudeniyah (sm., naprimer, raboty Sankt-Peterburgskoi gruppy i ih obzor v UFN).
T.n. "strannye zvezdy" ohlazhdayutsya po-drugomu.... Ob etom avtory rasskazyvayut v obsuzhdaemoi stat'e. Eto ne obzor, odnako, mnogie vazhnye ssylki prisutstvuyut. Krome togo v statei "mnogo fiziki, malo formul". T.o. eta korotkaya zametka budet interesna fizikam.

astro-ph/0303240 O proishozhdenii global'nogo Shmidtovskogo zakona zvezdoobrazovaniya (On the Origin of the Global Schmidt Law of Star Formation)
Authors: Andrey V. Kravtsov
Commets: submitted to ApJL, 5 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX (uses emulateapj5.sty)
Zvezdoobrazovanie - process slozhnyi. Odnako, tam est' prostye zakonomernosti. naprimer, zakon Shmidta: poverhnostnaya plotnost' molodyh zvezd proporcional'na poverhnostnoi plotnosti mezhzvezdnogo gaza v nekotoroi stepeni (poverhnostnaya oznachaet "prosummirovannaya poperek diska"). Eta prostaya zavisimost' byla obnaruzhena bolee 40 let nazad. S teh por bylo mnogo popytok ee ob'yasnit'. I problema ne v tom, chto ob'yasneniya net, a v tom, chto ih mnogo!
V dannoi rabote predstavleny rezul'taty chislennogo modelirovaniya, v kotoryh estestvennym obrazom voznikaet zakon Shmidta. Pravda, eto ne oznachaet, chto naideno ob'yasnenie. Odnako, mozhno sdelat' vazhnyi vyvod, chto zvezdoobrazovanie na bol'shim masshtabah opredelyaetsya sverhzvukovoi turbulentnost'yu, kotoraya svyazana s gravitacionnymi neistoichivostyami na bol'shih masshtabah, a ne obratnym vliyaniem zvezd ili teplovymi neistoichivostyami, kotorye sushestvuyut na nebol'shim masshtabah.

astro-ph/0303242 Avtomodel'noe reshenie tret'ego roda v zadache sil'nogo vzryva (Self-similarity of the Third Type in the Strong Explosion Problem)
Author: Andrei Gruzinov (NYU)
Commets: 4 pages, 3 figures
Reshenie zadachi o sil'nom vzryve v veshestve so stepennym raspredeleniem plotnosti obladaet avtomodel'nost'yu. Dlya pokazatelya adiabaty 5/3 resheniya v srede s alpha<3 (alpha - pokazatel' stepeni v zavisimosti plotnosti ot radiusa) obladayut avtomodel'nost'yu I roda, pri alpha >3.26 - avtomodel'nost'yu II roda.
V stat'e naideno reshenie dlya ostavshegosya intervala (3< alpha <3.26) i ego nel'zya otnesti ni k odnomu iz ukazannyh tipov.

astro-ph/0303245 Mozhno li poluchit' inflyaciyu s Omega > 1? (Can we have inflation with Omega > 1?)
Authors: Andrei Linde
Commets: 8 pages, 4 figs., extended version of the talk given at the conference COSMO-01, September 4, 2001, Rovaniemi, Finland
"Esli nel'zya, no ochen' hochetsya, to mozhno". Predstavlen klass modelei, gde plotnost' bol'she kriticheskoi. Avtor otmechaet, chto modeli maloprivlekatel'ny i trebuyut podgonki. T.o. predskazanie inflyacii o blizosti plotnosti k kriticheskoi ostaetsya v sile.

astro-ph/0303246 Vosstanovlenie izobrazhenii metodom maksimuma entropii s ispol'zovaniem veivletov (Maximum-entropy image reconstruction using wavelets)
Authors: Klaus Maisinger, M.P. Hobson and A.N. Lasenby
Commets: 21 pages, 20 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Eta stat'ya budet polezna ne tol'ko astronomam. Tam est' i teoriya, i mnogo naglyadnyh primerov. Eto ne obzor, a skoree horoshee nebol'shoe uchebnoe posobie.

astro-ph/0303257 Modelirovanie normal'nyh spiral'nyh galaktik (Simulations of Normal Spiral Galaxies)
Authors: Roelof Bottema
Commets: Accepted for publication in: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astron. Soc. The astro-ph copy has a few figures with degraded resolution. A copy with high quality graphics (4281 kb) can be downloaded from the kapteyn institute weg page at http://www.astro.rug.nl (Goto preprints and preprints 2003)
Modelirovanie galaktik - neprostoe zanyatie. Dlya togo, chtoby poluchit' strukturu nedostatochno pol'zovat'sya tol'ko metodom mnogih tel, ili naoborot tol'ko gidrodinamikoi. V dannoi stat'e opisyvayutsya vychisleniya, vklyuchayushie v sebya zvezdy, gaz (s uchetom ohlazhdeniya i nagreva), zvezdoobrazovanie i sverhnovye (kotorye v svoyu ochered' vliyayut na gaz). V obshem: slozhno i interesno. Stat'ya bol'shaya (30 zhurnal'nyh stranic), zato s kartinkami....

astro-ph/0303261 kachestvennaya teoriya lizirovannyh kvazarov (Qualitative Theory for Lensed QSOs)
Authors: Prasenjit Saha (QMW London), Liliya L.R. Williams (U Minnesota)
Commets: 26 pages, incl. 15 figs; accepted to AJ; java applet available at http://ankh-morpork.maths.qmw.ac.uk/~saha/astron/lens/
Nablyudatel'nye harakteristiki kvazarov s neskol'kimi izobrazheniyami (iz-za gravitacionnogo linzirovaniya) obladayut celym ryadom model'no-nezavisimyh svoistv, kotorye mozhno vyvesti iz ochen' prostyh soobrazhenii. Eti ideyu illyustriruyutsya na celom ryade real'no nablyudaemyh sistem. Na saite avtora deistvuet java-applet.

astro-ph/0303262 Nablyudenie effekta Syunyaeva-Zel'dovicha "ryadom s domom" (Observing the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect Closer to Home)
Authors: James E. Taylor, Kavilan Moodley & J. M. Diego
Commets: 5 pages, 3 figures; submitted to MNRAS
Samoe moshnoe proyavleniem effekta Syunyaeva-Zel'dovicha mozhet nablyudat'sya pochti u "nashego poroga" - na galo galaktiki M31. Zona ponizhennoi yarkosti reliktovogo fona budet imet' razmer poryadka 10 gradusov. Takoi bol'shoi razmer ne uproshaet, a zatrudnyaet ee obnaruzhenie.

lekciya astro-ph/0303272 Obilie elementov v kosmose (Element Abundances through the Cosmic Ages)
Authors: Max Pettini
Commets: Lectures given at the XIII Canary Islands Winter School of Astrophysics, osmochemistry: The Melting Pot of Elements'. To be published by Cambridge University Press; 42 pages, 33 figures
Bol'shoi material, gde v "pedagogicheskoi" forme izlozheny sovremennye dannye po nablyudeniyu obiliya elementov ot nashim okrestnostei do bol'shih krasnyh smeshenii. Konechno zhe, opisyvaetsya i teoretieskoe ponimanie etoi problemy.

astro-ph/0303274 IGR J16318-484 - rentgenovskii istochnik v plotnoi obolochke? (IGR J16318-4848: an X-ray source in a dense envelope?)
Authors: M. Revnivtsev et al. (MPA, Garching, Germany; IKI, Moscow, Russia)
Commets: Accepted for publication in Astronomy Letters
Eto odna iz pervyh otechestvennyh statei (a mozhet byt' prosto pervaya), napisannaya po dannym zapushennogo v konce 2002 gody sputnika INTEGRAL. Zhestkii rentgenovskii IGR J16318-4848 otkryt s INTEGRALa, zatem ego udalos' obnaruzhit' v arhivnyh dannyh yaponskogo sputnika ASCA (1994), no tam on ne byl identificirovan. Istochnik obladaet sovershenno neobychnymi svoistvami - pohozhe on svetit cherez tolstyi sloi veshestva - ranee takogo nigde ne nablyudalos'. Pervaya predlozhennaya model' - akkreciruyushii iz zvezdnogo vetra istochnik v massivnoi dvoinoi sisteme.

astro-ph/0303280 Obrazovanie raspredeleniya dvoinyh sistem po orbital'nym periodam v rezul'tate vozdeistviya mezhzvezdnoi turbulentnosti (A Turbulent Interstellar Medium Origin of the Binary Period Distribution)
Authors: Robert T. Fisher
Commets: 40 pages, 7 figures
Opisana poluempiricheskaya model' obrazovaniya dvoinyh sistem. Osnovnye orbital'nye parametry svyazany s parametrami turbulentnosti v materinskom molekulyarnom oblake. Kachestvenno avtoru udaetsya ob'yasnit' osnovnye svoistva raspredelenii dvoinyh po periodam i nekotorye drugie korrelyacii.

miniobzor astro-ph/0303296 Magnitary v eru poslesvechenii (Magnetars in the afterglow era)
Authors: D. Eichler, Y. Lyubarsky, C. Thompson, P.Woods
Commets: 8 pages, 1 fig. To appear in Proc. Marsala workshop "Pulsars, AXPs and SGRs observed with BeppoSAX and other observatories"
"V mire skazok tozhe est' bulochki". U istochnikov myagkih povtoryayushihsya gamma-vspleskov tozhe est' rentgenovskie poslesvecheniya. Avtory pokazyvayut, kak etot fenomen nahodit svoe ob'yasnenie v ramkah naibolee populyarnyi na segodnyashnii den' magnitarnoi gipotezy.

obzor hep-th/0303095 Kosmologiya i miry na brane: obzor (Cosmology and Brane Worlds: A Review)
Authors: Philippe Brax, Carsten van de Bruck
Commets: 37 pages; invited topical review for Classical and Quantum Gravity; to appear
Bol'shoi obzor s polutorasotnei ssylok. Bez formul v etom dele ne oboitis', no beglyi prosmotr pokazyvaet, chto mozhno prorvat'sya!

Arhiv statei, voshedshih v predydushie vypuski.
Razdely arhiva (s iyulya 2002 g.):
obzory, kosmologiya, neitrino, kosmicheskie luchi i gamma-astronomiya, galaktiki, AYaG, kvazary, nasha Galaktika, mezhzvezdnaya sreda, zvezdy, sverhnovye, ostatki sverhnovyh, chernye dyry, neitronnye zvezdy, linzirovanie, Solnce, ekzoplanety, Solnechnaya sistema, akkreciya, tesnye dvoinye sistemy, gamma-vspleski, gravitacionnye volny, mehanizmy izlucheniya, chislennoe modelirovanie, dinamika, mehanika metody obrabotki dannyh, MGD, metody nablyudenii, budushie nablyudatel'nye proekty, prochee.
Poleznye astronomicheskie ssylki.
Obzornye stat'i v astro-ph s 2001 g.

Sergei Popov
Mihail Prohorov
astro-ph/0303171 Modeli kollapsa yadra uluchsheny, no vzryva vse net: chto ne tak? (Improved Models of Stellar Core Collapse and Still no Explosions: What is Missing?)
Authors: R. Buras et al.

astro-ph/0303175 Krupnomasshtabnaya struktura v Sloanovskom Cifrovom Obzore Neba (Large Scale Structure in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey)
Authors: M. Bernardi

astro-ph/0303180 Tochnaya kosmologiya? Eshe net (Precision Cosmology? Not Just Yet)
Authors: S.L.Bridle, O.Lahav, J.P.Ostriker, P.J.Steinhardt

astro-ph/0303151 Polnye 3-mernye orbity dlya neskol'kih zvezd proletayushih vblizi central'noi sverhmassivnoi chernoi dyry (Full Three Dimensional Orbits For Multiple Stars on Close Approaches to the Central Supermassive Black Hole)
Authors: A.M.Ghez et al.
Commets: 7 pages, 5 figures (abridged abstract)
Postroeny orbity eshe neskol'kih zvezd obrashayushihsya vokrug sverhmassivnoi chernoi dyry v centre nashei Galaktiki (predydushie postroeniya sm. zdes'.) Odna iz etih zvezd (S0-16) v 1999 godu proletala na rasstoyanie 60 AU ot chernoi dyry i imela v tot moment skorost' 9000 km/s. Na fotografii oblast' 1"x1" s centrom v Sgr A*.

astro-ph/0303153 Novye orbity v zadache n-tel (New Orbits for the n-Body Problem)
Authors: R.J. Vanderbei
Commets: 16 pages, 2 tables, 6 figures
Predlozhen metod nahozhdeniya periodicheskih reshenii v probleme n-tel. S ego pomosh'yu naideny neskol'ko chastnyh reshenii dlya n=3, 4 i 5. Nekotorye iz nih (dlya n=4) pokazany na risunke.

astro-ph/0303155 Rentgenovskie spektry molodyh pul'sarov i ih tumannostei: zavisimost' ot energii zamedleniya (X-ray Spectra of Young Pulsars and Their Wind Nebulae: Dependence on Spin-down Energy)
Authors: E. V. Gotthelf
Commets: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, LaTex, emulateapj5.sty. To appear in the June 20, 2003 issue of the Astrophysical Journal
Novye nablyudeniya trebuyut utochnenii modelei. Dannye Chandry, pozvolivshie podrobno izuchit' 9 krabopodobnyh pul'sarov i ih tumannosti, trebuyut peresmotra modeli rentgenovskih spektrov etih ob'ektov. Vo mnogom eto svyazano s tem, chto predydushie nablyudeniya ne mogli razdelit' spektry samogo pul'sara i tumannosti (iz-za nizkogo uglovogo razresheniya). V stat'e predstavleny rezul'taty popytki postroeniya novoi fenomenologicheskoi modeli.

astro-ph/0303171 Modeli kollapsa yadra uluchsheny, no vzryva vse net: chto ne tak? (Improved Models of Stellar Core Collapse and Still no Explosions: What is Missing?)
Authors: R. Buras et al.
Commets: 5 pages, PRL submitted; 3 eps figures, 1 colored, high-quality available upon request
Na t.n. tehasskoi konferencii vo Florencii v dekabre poshlogo goda porazil kommentarii Virdzhinii Trimbl, chto v obshem-to problema vzryva sverhnovoi reshena Vusli, Viverom i dr. (plyus kak obychno ehidnyi kommentarii, chto esli vy ne otlichaete Vusli-Vivera ot Visli-Vuvera, to slishkom dolgo rabotaete v etoi oblasti). Po ee mneniyu, ostaetsya tol'ko uchityvat' tonkosti: pole, vrashenie, him.sostav i t.d.
Odnako, ne vse tak prosto. Gruppa Yanki i dr. davno vyskazyvala pessimizm otnositel'no sushestvuyushih problem v fizike vzryva sverhnovoi, po ih mneniyu slishkom mnogoe zakladyvaetsya rukami. Vot novoe podtverzhdenie ih vzglyadov.
Novye detal'nye dvumernye raschety s vrasheniem i bez ne dayut vzryva. Odnimi neitrino vrode kak ne oboitis'. Vozmozhno kritichen uchet magnitnyh polei ili kakoi-to ekzotiki.
O neitrino v sverhnovyh sm. takzhe otdel'nuyu stat'yu toi zhe gruppy "Supernova neutrinos: Flavor-dependent fluxes and spectra" astro-ph/0303226.

miniobzor astro-ph/0303173 Dvoinye sverhmassivnye chernye dyry kak galakticheskie meshalki (Supermassive Black Hole Binaries as Galactic Blenders)
Authors: Henry E. Kandrup et al. Bohn
Commets: 16 pages plus 15 figures
Dvoinaya sverhmassivnaya chernaya dyra mozhet zdorovo "peremeshat'" zvezdy v galaktike. Kakie stadii est' u etogo processa? Kakova zona vliyaniya dvoinoi chernoi dyry? Kakie nablyudayushiesya fenomeny mozhno ob'yasnit' v ramkah etoi modeli? Vot osnovnye temy dannogo obzora.

astro-ph/0303174 Evolyuciya struktury relyativistskih dzhetov i krivye bleska poslesvechenii gamma-vspleskov (The Evolution of a Structured Relativistic Jet and GRB Afterglow Light-Curves)
Authors: Pawan Kumar and Jonathan Granot
Commets: 22 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ (scheduled for the v590, June 20, 2003 issue)
Avtory - obladateli horoshego relyativistskogo gidrodinamicheskogo koda, kotoryi pozvolyaet im schitat' processy v gamma-vspleskah. Poschitana ocherednaya model', posle chego pokazano, chto ee rezul'taty horosho opisyvayutsya prostym analiticheskim priblizheniem (no do vypolneniya raschetov vyskazat' takoe utverzhdenie bylo nel'zya).

astro-ph/0303175 Krupnomasshtabnaya struktura v Sloanovskom Cifrovom Obzore Neba (Large Scale Structure in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey)
Authors: M. Bernardi
Commets: 12 pages, 5 figures. To appear in "Carnegie Observatories Astrophysics Series, Vol. 2: Measuring and Modeling the Universe", ed. W. L. Freedman
Poslednie gody v astrofizike otmecheny vazhnym novshestvom: razvitie komp'yuternyh tehnologii pozvolilo provodit' massirovannye avtomaticheskie obzory neba v raznyh diapazonah. Nekotorye iz takih proektov svyazany s kosmologicheskimi issledovaniyami.
Napomnim, chto s nablyudatel'noi tochki zreniya sovremennaya kosmologiya baziruetsya na: nablyudeniyah reliktovogo izlucheniya, nablyudeniyah razbeganiya galaktik, dannyh o pervichnom nukleosinteze, dannyh po krupnomasshtabnoi strukture. Prichem, v svyazi s vozmozhnost'yu dostatochno detal'nyh raschetov obrazovaniya struktury poslednii punkt stal gorazdo vazhnee, chem on byl 20-30 let nazad.
V stat'e daetsya obzor rezul'tatov Sloanovskogo obzora po krupnomasshtabnoi strukture. S odnoi storony vse standartno: standartnaya ploskaya model' s kosmologicheskoi postoyannoi prekrasno vse opisyvaet. S drugoi - eto ne prosto novyi vazhnyi kusok dannyh, eto eshe i ochen' krasivo.

astro-ph/0303177 Nizkaya statistika kosmicheskih luchei sverhvysokih energii (Low Statistics of EHECRs)
Authors: Angela V. Olinto et al.
Commets: Proceedings of the International Workshopon Extremely High Energy Cosmic Rays, RIKEN, Japan
Esli kto-to propustil... Dannye dvuh eksperimentov po kosmicheskim lucham sverhvysokih energii - AGASA i HiRes - ne sovpadayut drug s drugom. Komandy uspeli obmenyat'sya rezkimi stat'yami, posvyashennymi poisku problem v eksperimente-sopernike i ob'yasneniyu svoei pravoty. Na samom dele rashozhdenie ne stol' kritichno. Po vsei vidimosti prosto mala statistika. Etomu i posvyashena stat'ya.

astro-ph/0303180 Tochnaya kosmologiya? Eshe net (Precision Cosmology? Not Just Yet)
Authors: S.L.Bridle, O.Lahav, J.P.Ostriker, P.J.Steinhardt
Commets: 2 pages, 2 figures. See online journal version
Dannye WMAP po nablyudeniyu anizotropii relikta vkupe s drugimi eksperimental'nymi dannymi povysili tochnost' opredeleniya kosmologicheskih parametrov primerno v 2 raza. Dostatochno li etogo, chtoby proverit' klyuchevye komponenty standartnoi kosmologicheskoi modeli? Na dvuh stranicah avtory pokazyvayut, chto net.

astro-ph/0303182 Uravnenie dvizheniya chastic proizvol'noi formy v pole izlucheniya (Equation of Motion for an Arbitrarily Shaped Particle Moving in a Radiation Field)
Authors: Jozef Klacka
Avtor vyvel kovariantnye uravneniya dvizheniya chastic pyli proizvol'noi formy v kotoryh uchityvaetsya vliyanie vneshnei elektromagnitnoi radiacii i teplovogo izlucheniya samih chastic. Uravneniya vyrazheny cherez standartnye opticheskie parametry. [Ne ponyatno, zachem dlya pyli vyvodit' relyativistskoe uravnenie dvizheniya? Vprochem eto nikogda i nigde ne meshaet.]

obzor astro-ph/0303194 Dissipaciya elektromagnitnogo potoka: sigma-problema s vetrom pul'sara v Krabe (Dissipation in Poynting-flux Dominated Flows: the Sigma-Problem of the Crab Pulsar Wind)
Authors: J. G. Kirk and O. Skjaeraasen
Commets: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Vnutri svetovogo cilindra energiya vrasheniya pul'sara perenositsya prakticheski polnost'yu elektromagnitnym potokom (potokom Pointinga), eto vyvod vseh sovremenny teorii i modelei. A uzhe nedaleko za svetovym cilindrom eta energiya prakticheski polnost'yu okazyvaetsya zaklyuchennoi v potoke relyativistskih chastic (vzaimodeistvie kotoryh s veshestvom nablyudaetsya). Raspredelenie unosimoi energii mezhdu elektromagnitnym potokom i chasticami opisyvaetsya parametrom sigma. Polnoi modeli dannogo processa na segodnyashnii den' net.

miniobzor astro-ph/0303199 Vrashenie malomassivnyh zvezd do glavnoi posledovatel'nosti (The Rotation of Low-Mass Pre-Main-Sequence Stars)
Authors: Robert D. Mathieu
Commets: 10 pages, 5 figures, conference proceedings
V stat'e dan obzor nablyudatel'nyh rezul'tatov poslednih 10 let o vrashenii malomassivnyh zvezd eshe ne dostigshih glavnoi posledovatel'nosti. Obsuzhdayutsya vozmozhnye mehanizmy ih tormozheniya.

astro-ph/0303200 Skurpuleznoe sravnenie razlichnyh algoritmov obnaruzheniya planet (A rigorous comparison of different planet detection algorithms)
Authors: B. Tingley
Commets: Accepted for publications by Astronomy and Astrophysics
Navernoe nazvanie stat'i ne sovsem tochno - deistvitel'no rassmatrivayutsya neskol'ko algoritmov obnaruzheniya vnesolnechnyh planet, no tol'ko po ih prohozhdeniyu po disku zvezdy. Dana statisticheskaya ocenka effektivnosti metodov.

astro-ph/0303209 COSMOS: radiacionno-himo-gidrodinamicheskii kod dlya astrofizicheskih zadach (COSMOS: A Radiation-Chemo-Hydrodynamics Code for Astrophysical Problems)
Authors: Peter Anninos et al.
Commets: 29 pages, 15 figures, to appear in Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
Opisyvaetsya moguchii vychislitel'nyi kod. Stat'ya tehnicheskaya. Privodyatsya rezul'taty testovyh progonov, obsuzhdayutsya uravneniya i t.p. Budet interesno vsem, kto zanimaetsya matmodelirovaniem.

astro-ph/0303232 Radio i gamma- izluchenie pul'sarov (Radio and gamma-ray emission from pulsars)
Authors: G.J. Qiao, K.J. Lee, H.G. Wang, R.X. Xu
Commets: 4 pages, 1 figure, in the meeting on "Radio Pulsars", Crete 2002, in press
Nesmotrya na to, chto pul'sary izvestny uzhe bolee 35 let, mehanizm ih izlucheniya do konca ne ponyat. Avtory stat'i predstavlyayut ocherednuyu popytku opisat' izluchenie pul'sarov ot radio do gamma diapazona v edinoi modeli.
Dannaya stat'ya - eto materialy konferencii. potomu tut ochen' kratko, tezisno, perechisleny osnovnye cherty modeli. Osnovnuyu rol' v podhode avtorov stat'i igraet obratnoe komptonovskoe rasseyanie. Podgonkoi parametrov modeli im udaetsya opisat' impul'sy 7 horosho izuchennyh pul'sarov.

hep-ph/0303073 Vliyanie CFL kvarkovoi materii na ohlazhdenie kompaktnyh zvezd (Impact of CFL Quark Matter on the Cooling of Compact Stars)
Authors: Igor A. Shovkovy, Paul J. Ellis
Commets: 7 pages. Talk presented at 2002 International Workshop "On Strong Coupling Gauge Theories And Effective Field Theories" (SCGT 02), 10-13 December 2002, Nagoya, Japan
V fizike neitronnyh zvezd ochen' vazhnoi i interesnoi zadachei yavlyaetsya raschet ih ohlazhdeniya. Delo v tom, chto s odnoi storony eta problema trebuet ponimaniya povedeniya veshestva v ekstremal'nyh usloviyah, s drugoi - eto mozhno proverit' v nablyudeniyah (sm., naprimer, raboty Sankt-Peterburgskoi gruppy i ih obzor v UFN).
T.n. "strannye zvezdy" ohlazhdayutsya po-drugomu.... Ob etom avtory rasskazyvayut v obsuzhdaemoi stat'e. Eto ne obzor, odnako, mnogie vazhnye ssylki prisutstvuyut. Krome togo v statei "mnogo fiziki, malo formul". T.o. eta korotkaya zametka budet interesna fizikam.

astro-ph/0303240 O proishozhdenii global'nogo Shmidtovskogo zakona zvezdoobrazovaniya (On the Origin of the Global Schmidt Law of Star Formation)
Authors: Andrey V. Kravtsov
Commets: submitted to ApJL, 5 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX (uses emulateapj5.sty)
Zvezdoobrazovanie - process slozhnyi. Odnako, tam est' prostye zakonomernosti. naprimer, zakon Shmidta: poverhnostnaya plotnost' molodyh zvezd proporcional'na poverhnostnoi plotnosti mezhzvezdnogo gaza v nekotoroi stepeni (poverhnostnaya oznachaet "prosummirovannaya poperek diska"). Eta prostaya zavisimost' byla obnaruzhena bolee 40 let nazad. S teh por bylo mnogo popytok ee ob'yasnit'. I problema ne v tom, chto ob'yasneniya net, a v tom, chto ih mnogo!
V dannoi rabote predstavleny rezul'taty chislennogo modelirovaniya, v kotoryh estestvennym obrazom voznikaet zakon Shmidta. Pravda, eto ne oznachaet, chto naideno ob'yasnenie. Odnako, mozhno sdelat' vazhnyi vyvod, chto zvezdoobrazovanie na bol'shim masshtabah opredelyaetsya sverhzvukovoi turbulentnost'yu, kotoraya svyazana s gravitacionnymi neistoichivostyami na bol'shih masshtabah, a ne obratnym vliyaniem zvezd ili teplovymi neistoichivostyami, kotorye sushestvuyut na nebol'shim masshtabah.

astro-ph/0303242 Avtomodel'noe reshenie tret'ego roda v zadache sil'nogo vzryva (Self-similarity of the Third Type in the Strong Explosion Problem)
Author: Andrei Gruzinov (NYU)
Commets: 4 pages, 3 figures
Reshenie zadachi o sil'nom vzryve v veshestve so stepennym raspredeleniem plotnosti obladaet avtomodel'nost'yu. Dlya pokazatelya adiabaty 5/3 resheniya v srede s alpha<3 (alpha - pokazatel' stepeni v zavisimosti plotnosti ot radiusa) obladayut avtomodel'nost'yu I roda, pri alpha >3.26 - avtomodel'nost'yu II roda.
V stat'e naideno reshenie dlya ostavshegosya intervala (3< alpha <3.26) i ego nel'zya otnesti ni k odnomu iz ukazannyh tipov.

astro-ph/0303245 Mozhno li poluchit' inflyaciyu s Omega > 1? (Can we have inflation with Omega > 1?)
Authors: Andrei Linde
Commets: 8 pages, 4 figs., extended version of the talk given at the conference COSMO-01, September 4, 2001, Rovaniemi, Finland
"Esli nel'zya, no ochen' hochetsya, to mozhno". Predstavlen klass modelei, gde plotnost' bol'she kriticheskoi. Avtor otmechaet, chto modeli maloprivlekatel'ny i trebuyut podgonki. T.o. predskazanie inflyacii o blizosti plotnosti k kriticheskoi ostaetsya v sile.

astro-ph/0303246 Vosstanovlenie izobrazhenii metodom maksimuma entropii s ispol'zovaniem veivletov (Maximum-entropy image reconstruction using wavelets)
Authors: Klaus Maisinger, M.P. Hobson and A.N. Lasenby
Commets: 21 pages, 20 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Eta stat'ya budet polezna ne tol'ko astronomam. Tam est' i teoriya, i mnogo naglyadnyh primerov. Eto ne obzor, a skoree horoshee nebol'shoe uchebnoe posobie.

astro-ph/0303257 Modelirovanie normal'nyh spiral'nyh galaktik (Simulations of Normal Spiral Galaxies)
Authors: Roelof Bottema
Commets: Accepted for publication in: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astron. Soc. The astro-ph copy has a few figures with degraded resolution. A copy with high quality graphics (4281 kb) can be downloaded from the kapteyn institute weg page at http://www.astro.rug.nl (Goto preprints and preprints 2003)
Modelirovanie galaktik - neprostoe zanyatie. Dlya togo, chtoby poluchit' strukturu nedostatochno pol'zovat'sya tol'ko metodom mnogih tel, ili naoborot tol'ko gidrodinamikoi. V dannoi stat'e opisyvayutsya vychisleniya, vklyuchayushie v sebya zvezdy, gaz (s uchetom ohlazhdeniya i nagreva), zvezdoobrazovanie i sverhnovye (kotorye v svoyu ochered' vliyayut na gaz). V obshem: slozhno i interesno. Stat'ya bol'shaya (30 zhurnal'nyh stranic), zato s kartinkami....

astro-ph/0303261 kachestvennaya teoriya lizirovannyh kvazarov (Qualitative Theory for Lensed QSOs)
Authors: Prasenjit Saha (QMW London), Liliya L.R. Williams (U Minnesota)
Commets: 26 pages, incl. 15 figs; accepted to AJ; java applet available at http://ankh-morpork.maths.qmw.ac.uk/~saha/astron/lens/
Nablyudatel'nye harakteristiki kvazarov s neskol'kimi izobrazheniyami (iz-za gravitacionnogo linzirovaniya) obladayut celym ryadom model'no-nezavisimyh svoistv, kotorye mozhno vyvesti iz ochen' prostyh soobrazhenii. Eti ideyu illyustriruyutsya na celom ryade real'no nablyudaemyh sistem. Na saite avtora deistvuet java-applet.

astro-ph/0303262 Nablyudenie effekta Syunyaeva-Zel'dovicha "ryadom s domom" (Observing the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect Closer to Home)
Authors: James E. Taylor, Kavilan Moodley & J. M. Diego
Commets: 5 pages, 3 figures; submitted to MNRAS
Samoe moshnoe proyavleniem effekta Syunyaeva-Zel'dovicha mozhet nablyudat'sya pochti u "nashego poroga" - na galo galaktiki M31. Zona ponizhennoi yarkosti reliktovogo fona budet imet' razmer poryadka 10 gradusov. Takoi bol'shoi razmer ne uproshaet, a zatrudnyaet ee obnaruzhenie.

lekciya astro-ph/0303272 Obilie elementov v kosmose (Element Abundances through the Cosmic Ages)
Authors: Max Pettini
Commets: Lectures given at the XIII Canary Islands Winter School of Astrophysics, osmochemistry: The Melting Pot of Elements'. To be published by Cambridge University Press; 42 pages, 33 figures
Bol'shoi material, gde v "pedagogicheskoi" forme izlozheny sovremennye dannye po nablyudeniyu obiliya elementov ot nashim okrestnostei do bol'shih krasnyh smeshenii. Konechno zhe, opisyvaetsya i teoretieskoe ponimanie etoi problemy.

astro-ph/0303274 IGR J16318-484 - rentgenovskii istochnik v plotnoi obolochke? (IGR J16318-4848: an X-ray source in a dense envelope?)
Authors: M. Revnivtsev et al. (MPA, Garching, Germany; IKI, Moscow, Russia)
Commets: Accepted for publication in Astronomy Letters
Eto odna iz pervyh otechestvennyh statei (a mozhet byt' prosto pervaya), napisannaya po dannym zapushennogo v konce 2002 gody sputnika INTEGRAL. Zhestkii rentgenovskii IGR J16318-4848 otkryt s INTEGRALa, zatem ego udalos' obnaruzhit' v arhivnyh dannyh yaponskogo sputnika ASCA (1994), no tam on ne byl identificirovan. Istochnik obladaet sovershenno neobychnymi svoistvami - pohozhe on svetit cherez tolstyi sloi veshestva - ranee takogo nigde ne nablyudalos'. Pervaya predlozhennaya model' - akkreciruyushii iz zvezdnogo vetra istochnik v massivnoi dvoinoi sisteme.

astro-ph/0303280 Obrazovanie raspredeleniya dvoinyh sistem po orbital'nym periodam v rezul'tate vozdeistviya mezhzvezdnoi turbulentnosti (A Turbulent Interstellar Medium Origin of the Binary Period Distribution)
Authors: Robert T. Fisher
Commets: 40 pages, 7 figures
Opisana poluempiricheskaya model' obrazovaniya dvoinyh sistem. Osnovnye orbital'nye parametry svyazany s parametrami turbulentnosti v materinskom molekulyarnom oblake. Kachestvenno avtoru udaetsya ob'yasnit' osnovnye svoistva raspredelenii dvoinyh po periodam i nekotorye drugie korrelyacii.

miniobzor astro-ph/0303296 Magnitary v eru poslesvechenii (Magnetars in the afterglow era)
Authors: D. Eichler, Y. Lyubarsky, C. Thompson, P.Woods
Commets: 8 pages, 1 fig. To appear in Proc. Marsala workshop "Pulsars, AXPs and SGRs observed with BeppoSAX and other observatories"
"V mire skazok tozhe est' bulochki". U istochnikov myagkih povtoryayushihsya gamma-vspleskov tozhe est' rentgenovskie poslesvecheniya. Avtory pokazyvayut, kak etot fenomen nahodit svoe ob'yasnenie v ramkah naibolee populyarnyi na segodnyashnii den' magnitarnoi gipotezy.

obzor hep-th/0303095 Kosmologiya i miry na brane: obzor (Cosmology and Brane Worlds: A Review)
Authors: Philippe Brax, Carsten van de Bruck
Commets: 37 pages; invited topical review for Classical and Quantum Gravity; to appear
Bol'shoi obzor s polutorasotnei ssylok. Bez formul v etom dele ne oboitis', no beglyi prosmotr pokazyvaet, chto mozhno prorvat'sya!

Arhiv statei, voshedshih v predydushie vypuski.
Razdely arhiva (s iyulya 2002 g.):
obzory, kosmologiya, neitrino, kosmicheskie luchi i gamma-astronomiya, galaktiki, AYaG, kvazary, nasha Galaktika, mezhzvezdnaya sreda, zvezdy, sverhnovye, ostatki sverhnovyh, chernye dyry, neitronnye zvezdy, linzirovanie, Solnce, ekzoplanety, Solnechnaya sistema, akkreciya, tesnye dvoinye sistemy, gamma-vspleski, gravitacionnye volny, mehanizmy izlucheniya, chislennoe modelirovanie, dinamika, mehanika metody obrabotki dannyh, MGD, metody nablyudenii, budushie nablyudatel'nye proekty, prochee.
Poleznye astronomicheskie ssylki.
Obzornye stat'i v astro-ph s 2001 g.

Sergei Popov
Mihail Prohorov
astro-ph/0303175 Krupnomasshtabnaya struktura v Sloanovskom Cifrovom Obzore Neba (Large Scale Structure in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey)
Authors: M. Bernardi

astro-ph/0303180 Tochnaya kosmologiya? Eshe net (Precision Cosmology? Not Just Yet)
Authors: S.L.Bridle, O.Lahav, J.P.Ostriker, P.J.Steinhardt

astro-ph/0303151 Polnye 3-mernye orbity dlya neskol'kih zvezd proletayushih vblizi central'noi sverhmassivnoi chernoi dyry (Full Three Dimensional Orbits For Multiple Stars on Close Approaches to the Central Supermassive Black Hole)
Authors: A.M.Ghez et al.
Commets: 7 pages, 5 figures (abridged abstract)
Postroeny orbity eshe neskol'kih zvezd obrashayushihsya vokrug sverhmassivnoi chernoi dyry v centre nashei Galaktiki (predydushie postroeniya sm. zdes'.) Odna iz etih zvezd (S0-16) v 1999 godu proletala na rasstoyanie 60 AU ot chernoi dyry i imela v tot moment skorost' 9000 km/s. Na fotografii oblast' 1"x1" s centrom v Sgr A*.

astro-ph/0303153 Novye orbity v zadache n-tel (New Orbits for the n-Body Problem)
Authors: R.J. Vanderbei
Commets: 16 pages, 2 tables, 6 figures
Predlozhen metod nahozhdeniya periodicheskih reshenii v probleme n-tel. S ego pomosh'yu naideny neskol'ko chastnyh reshenii dlya n=3, 4 i 5. Nekotorye iz nih (dlya n=4) pokazany na risunke.

astro-ph/0303155 Rentgenovskie spektry molodyh pul'sarov i ih tumannostei: zavisimost' ot energii zamedleniya (X-ray Spectra of Young Pulsars and Their Wind Nebulae: Dependence on Spin-down Energy)
Authors: E. V. Gotthelf
Commets: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, LaTex, emulateapj5.sty. To appear in the June 20, 2003 issue of the Astrophysical Journal
Novye nablyudeniya trebuyut utochnenii modelei. Dannye Chandry, pozvolivshie podrobno izuchit' 9 krabopodobnyh pul'sarov i ih tumannosti, trebuyut peresmotra modeli rentgenovskih spektrov etih ob'ektov. Vo mnogom eto svyazano s tem, chto predydushie nablyudeniya ne mogli razdelit' spektry samogo pul'sara i tumannosti (iz-za nizkogo uglovogo razresheniya). V stat'e predstavleny rezul'taty popytki postroeniya novoi fenomenologicheskoi modeli.

astro-ph/0303171 Modeli kollapsa yadra uluchsheny, no vzryva vse net: chto ne tak? (Improved Models of Stellar Core Collapse and Still no Explosions: What is Missing?)
Authors: R. Buras et al.
Commets: 5 pages, PRL submitted; 3 eps figures, 1 colored, high-quality available upon request
Na t.n. tehasskoi konferencii vo Florencii v dekabre poshlogo goda porazil kommentarii Virdzhinii Trimbl, chto v obshem-to problema vzryva sverhnovoi reshena Vusli, Viverom i dr. (plyus kak obychno ehidnyi kommentarii, chto esli vy ne otlichaete Vusli-Vivera ot Visli-Vuvera, to slishkom dolgo rabotaete v etoi oblasti). Po ee mneniyu, ostaetsya tol'ko uchityvat' tonkosti: pole, vrashenie, him.sostav i t.d.
Odnako, ne vse tak prosto. Gruppa Yanki i dr. davno vyskazyvala pessimizm otnositel'no sushestvuyushih problem v fizike vzryva sverhnovoi, po ih mneniyu slishkom mnogoe zakladyvaetsya rukami. Vot novoe podtverzhdenie ih vzglyadov.
Novye detal'nye dvumernye raschety s vrasheniem i bez ne dayut vzryva. Odnimi neitrino vrode kak ne oboitis'. Vozmozhno kritichen uchet magnitnyh polei ili kakoi-to ekzotiki.
O neitrino v sverhnovyh sm. takzhe otdel'nuyu stat'yu toi zhe gruppy "Supernova neutrinos: Flavor-dependent fluxes and spectra" astro-ph/0303226.

miniobzor astro-ph/0303173 Dvoinye sverhmassivnye chernye dyry kak galakticheskie meshalki (Supermassive Black Hole Binaries as Galactic Blenders)
Authors: Henry E. Kandrup et al. Bohn
Commets: 16 pages plus 15 figures
Dvoinaya sverhmassivnaya chernaya dyra mozhet zdorovo "peremeshat'" zvezdy v galaktike. Kakie stadii est' u etogo processa? Kakova zona vliyaniya dvoinoi chernoi dyry? Kakie nablyudayushiesya fenomeny mozhno ob'yasnit' v ramkah etoi modeli? Vot osnovnye temy dannogo obzora.

astro-ph/0303174 Evolyuciya struktury relyativistskih dzhetov i krivye bleska poslesvechenii gamma-vspleskov (The Evolution of a Structured Relativistic Jet and GRB Afterglow Light-Curves)
Authors: Pawan Kumar and Jonathan Granot
Commets: 22 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ (scheduled for the v590, June 20, 2003 issue)
Avtory - obladateli horoshego relyativistskogo gidrodinamicheskogo koda, kotoryi pozvolyaet im schitat' processy v gamma-vspleskah. Poschitana ocherednaya model', posle chego pokazano, chto ee rezul'taty horosho opisyvayutsya prostym analiticheskim priblizheniem (no do vypolneniya raschetov vyskazat' takoe utverzhdenie bylo nel'zya).

astro-ph/0303175 Krupnomasshtabnaya struktura v Sloanovskom Cifrovom Obzore Neba (Large Scale Structure in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey)
Authors: M. Bernardi
Commets: 12 pages, 5 figures. To appear in "Carnegie Observatories Astrophysics Series, Vol. 2: Measuring and Modeling the Universe", ed. W. L. Freedman
Poslednie gody v astrofizike otmecheny vazhnym novshestvom: razvitie komp'yuternyh tehnologii pozvolilo provodit' massirovannye avtomaticheskie obzory neba v raznyh diapazonah. Nekotorye iz takih proektov svyazany s kosmologicheskimi issledovaniyami.
Napomnim, chto s nablyudatel'noi tochki zreniya sovremennaya kosmologiya baziruetsya na: nablyudeniyah reliktovogo izlucheniya, nablyudeniyah razbeganiya galaktik, dannyh o pervichnom nukleosinteze, dannyh po krupnomasshtabnoi strukture. Prichem, v svyazi s vozmozhnost'yu dostatochno detal'nyh raschetov obrazovaniya struktury poslednii punkt stal gorazdo vazhnee, chem on byl 20-30 let nazad.
V stat'e daetsya obzor rezul'tatov Sloanovskogo obzora po krupnomasshtabnoi strukture. S odnoi storony vse standartno: standartnaya ploskaya model' s kosmologicheskoi postoyannoi prekrasno vse opisyvaet. S drugoi - eto ne prosto novyi vazhnyi kusok dannyh, eto eshe i ochen' krasivo.

astro-ph/0303177 Nizkaya statistika kosmicheskih luchei sverhvysokih energii (Low Statistics of EHECRs)
Authors: Angela V. Olinto et al.
Commets: Proceedings of the International Workshopon Extremely High Energy Cosmic Rays, RIKEN, Japan
Esli kto-to propustil... Dannye dvuh eksperimentov po kosmicheskim lucham sverhvysokih energii - AGASA i HiRes - ne sovpadayut drug s drugom. Komandy uspeli obmenyat'sya rezkimi stat'yami, posvyashennymi poisku problem v eksperimente-sopernike i ob'yasneniyu svoei pravoty. Na samom dele rashozhdenie ne stol' kritichno. Po vsei vidimosti prosto mala statistika. Etomu i posvyashena stat'ya.

astro-ph/0303180 Tochnaya kosmologiya? Eshe net (Precision Cosmology? Not Just Yet)
Authors: S.L.Bridle, O.Lahav, J.P.Ostriker, P.J.Steinhardt
Commets: 2 pages, 2 figures. See online journal version
Dannye WMAP po nablyudeniyu anizotropii relikta vkupe s drugimi eksperimental'nymi dannymi povysili tochnost' opredeleniya kosmologicheskih parametrov primerno v 2 raza. Dostatochno li etogo, chtoby proverit' klyuchevye komponenty standartnoi kosmologicheskoi modeli? Na dvuh stranicah avtory pokazyvayut, chto net.

astro-ph/0303182 Uravnenie dvizheniya chastic proizvol'noi formy v pole izlucheniya (Equation of Motion for an Arbitrarily Shaped Particle Moving in a Radiation Field)
Authors: Jozef Klacka
Avtor vyvel kovariantnye uravneniya dvizheniya chastic pyli proizvol'noi formy v kotoryh uchityvaetsya vliyanie vneshnei elektromagnitnoi radiacii i teplovogo izlucheniya samih chastic. Uravneniya vyrazheny cherez standartnye opticheskie parametry. [Ne ponyatno, zachem dlya pyli vyvodit' relyativistskoe uravnenie dvizheniya? Vprochem eto nikogda i nigde ne meshaet.]

obzor astro-ph/0303194 Dissipaciya elektromagnitnogo potoka: sigma-problema s vetrom pul'sara v Krabe (Dissipation in Poynting-flux Dominated Flows: the Sigma-Problem of the Crab Pulsar Wind)
Authors: J. G. Kirk and O. Skjaeraasen
Commets: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Vnutri svetovogo cilindra energiya vrasheniya pul'sara perenositsya prakticheski polnost'yu elektromagnitnym potokom (potokom Pointinga), eto vyvod vseh sovremenny teorii i modelei. A uzhe nedaleko za svetovym cilindrom eta energiya prakticheski polnost'yu okazyvaetsya zaklyuchennoi v potoke relyativistskih chastic (vzaimodeistvie kotoryh s veshestvom nablyudaetsya). Raspredelenie unosimoi energii mezhdu elektromagnitnym potokom i chasticami opisyvaetsya parametrom sigma. Polnoi modeli dannogo processa na segodnyashnii den' net.

miniobzor astro-ph/0303199 Vrashenie malomassivnyh zvezd do glavnoi posledovatel'nosti (The Rotation of Low-Mass Pre-Main-Sequence Stars)
Authors: Robert D. Mathieu
Commets: 10 pages, 5 figures, conference proceedings
V stat'e dan obzor nablyudatel'nyh rezul'tatov poslednih 10 let o vrashenii malomassivnyh zvezd eshe ne dostigshih glavnoi posledovatel'nosti. Obsuzhdayutsya vozmozhnye mehanizmy ih tormozheniya.

astro-ph/0303200 Skurpuleznoe sravnenie razlichnyh algoritmov obnaruzheniya planet (A rigorous comparison of different planet detection algorithms)
Authors: B. Tingley
Commets: Accepted for publications by Astronomy and Astrophysics
Navernoe nazvanie stat'i ne sovsem tochno - deistvitel'no rassmatrivayutsya neskol'ko algoritmov obnaruzheniya vnesolnechnyh planet, no tol'ko po ih prohozhdeniyu po disku zvezdy. Dana statisticheskaya ocenka effektivnosti metodov.

astro-ph/0303209 COSMOS: radiacionno-himo-gidrodinamicheskii kod dlya astrofizicheskih zadach (COSMOS: A Radiation-Chemo-Hydrodynamics Code for Astrophysical Problems)
Authors: Peter Anninos et al.
Commets: 29 pages, 15 figures, to appear in Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
Opisyvaetsya moguchii vychislitel'nyi kod. Stat'ya tehnicheskaya. Privodyatsya rezul'taty testovyh progonov, obsuzhdayutsya uravneniya i t.p. Budet interesno vsem, kto zanimaetsya matmodelirovaniem.

astro-ph/0303232 Radio i gamma- izluchenie pul'sarov (Radio and gamma-ray emission from pulsars)
Authors: G.J. Qiao, K.J. Lee, H.G. Wang, R.X. Xu
Commets: 4 pages, 1 figure, in the meeting on "Radio Pulsars", Crete 2002, in press
Nesmotrya na to, chto pul'sary izvestny uzhe bolee 35 let, mehanizm ih izlucheniya do konca ne ponyat. Avtory stat'i predstavlyayut ocherednuyu popytku opisat' izluchenie pul'sarov ot radio do gamma diapazona v edinoi modeli.
Dannaya stat'ya - eto materialy konferencii. potomu tut ochen' kratko, tezisno, perechisleny osnovnye cherty modeli. Osnovnuyu rol' v podhode avtorov stat'i igraet obratnoe komptonovskoe rasseyanie. Podgonkoi parametrov modeli im udaetsya opisat' impul'sy 7 horosho izuchennyh pul'sarov.

hep-ph/0303073 Vliyanie CFL kvarkovoi materii na ohlazhdenie kompaktnyh zvezd (Impact of CFL Quark Matter on the Cooling of Compact Stars)
Authors: Igor A. Shovkovy, Paul J. Ellis
Commets: 7 pages. Talk presented at 2002 International Workshop "On Strong Coupling Gauge Theories And Effective Field Theories" (SCGT 02), 10-13 December 2002, Nagoya, Japan
V fizike neitronnyh zvezd ochen' vazhnoi i interesnoi zadachei yavlyaetsya raschet ih ohlazhdeniya. Delo v tom, chto s odnoi storony eta problema trebuet ponimaniya povedeniya veshestva v ekstremal'nyh usloviyah, s drugoi - eto mozhno proverit' v nablyudeniyah (sm., naprimer, raboty Sankt-Peterburgskoi gruppy i ih obzor v UFN).
T.n. "strannye zvezdy" ohlazhdayutsya po-drugomu.... Ob etom avtory rasskazyvayut v obsuzhdaemoi stat'e. Eto ne obzor, odnako, mnogie vazhnye ssylki prisutstvuyut. Krome togo v statei "mnogo fiziki, malo formul". T.o. eta korotkaya zametka budet interesna fizikam.

astro-ph/0303240 O proishozhdenii global'nogo Shmidtovskogo zakona zvezdoobrazovaniya (On the Origin of the Global Schmidt Law of Star Formation)
Authors: Andrey V. Kravtsov
Commets: submitted to ApJL, 5 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX (uses emulateapj5.sty)
Zvezdoobrazovanie - process slozhnyi. Odnako, tam est' prostye zakonomernosti. naprimer, zakon Shmidta: poverhnostnaya plotnost' molodyh zvezd proporcional'na poverhnostnoi plotnosti mezhzvezdnogo gaza v nekotoroi stepeni (poverhnostnaya oznachaet "prosummirovannaya poperek diska"). Eta prostaya zavisimost' byla obnaruzhena bolee 40 let nazad. S teh por bylo mnogo popytok ee ob'yasnit'. I problema ne v tom, chto ob'yasneniya net, a v tom, chto ih mnogo!
V dannoi rabote predstavleny rezul'taty chislennogo modelirovaniya, v kotoryh estestvennym obrazom voznikaet zakon Shmidta. Pravda, eto ne oznachaet, chto naideno ob'yasnenie. Odnako, mozhno sdelat' vazhnyi vyvod, chto zvezdoobrazovanie na bol'shim masshtabah opredelyaetsya sverhzvukovoi turbulentnost'yu, kotoraya svyazana s gravitacionnymi neistoichivostyami na bol'shih masshtabah, a ne obratnym vliyaniem zvezd ili teplovymi neistoichivostyami, kotorye sushestvuyut na nebol'shim masshtabah.

astro-ph/0303242 Avtomodel'noe reshenie tret'ego roda v zadache sil'nogo vzryva (Self-similarity of the Third Type in the Strong Explosion Problem)
Author: Andrei Gruzinov (NYU)
Commets: 4 pages, 3 figures
Reshenie zadachi o sil'nom vzryve v veshestve so stepennym raspredeleniem plotnosti obladaet avtomodel'nost'yu. Dlya pokazatelya adiabaty 5/3 resheniya v srede s alpha<3 (alpha - pokazatel' stepeni v zavisimosti plotnosti ot radiusa) obladayut avtomodel'nost'yu I roda, pri alpha >3.26 - avtomodel'nost'yu II roda.
V stat'e naideno reshenie dlya ostavshegosya intervala (3< alpha <3.26) i ego nel'zya otnesti ni k odnomu iz ukazannyh tipov.

astro-ph/0303245 Mozhno li poluchit' inflyaciyu s Omega > 1? (Can we have inflation with Omega > 1?)
Authors: Andrei Linde
Commets: 8 pages, 4 figs., extended version of the talk given at the conference COSMO-01, September 4, 2001, Rovaniemi, Finland
"Esli nel'zya, no ochen' hochetsya, to mozhno". Predstavlen klass modelei, gde plotnost' bol'she kriticheskoi. Avtor otmechaet, chto modeli maloprivlekatel'ny i trebuyut podgonki. T.o. predskazanie inflyacii o blizosti plotnosti k kriticheskoi ostaetsya v sile.

astro-ph/0303246 Vosstanovlenie izobrazhenii metodom maksimuma entropii s ispol'zovaniem veivletov (Maximum-entropy image reconstruction using wavelets)
Authors: Klaus Maisinger, M.P. Hobson and A.N. Lasenby
Commets: 21 pages, 20 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Eta stat'ya budet polezna ne tol'ko astronomam. Tam est' i teoriya, i mnogo naglyadnyh primerov. Eto ne obzor, a skoree horoshee nebol'shoe uchebnoe posobie.

astro-ph/0303257 Modelirovanie normal'nyh spiral'nyh galaktik (Simulations of Normal Spiral Galaxies)
Authors: Roelof Bottema
Commets: Accepted for publication in: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astron. Soc. The astro-ph copy has a few figures with degraded resolution. A copy with high quality graphics (4281 kb) can be downloaded from the kapteyn institute weg page at http://www.astro.rug.nl (Goto preprints and preprints 2003)
Modelirovanie galaktik - neprostoe zanyatie. Dlya togo, chtoby poluchit' strukturu nedostatochno pol'zovat'sya tol'ko metodom mnogih tel, ili naoborot tol'ko gidrodinamikoi. V dannoi stat'e opisyvayutsya vychisleniya, vklyuchayushie v sebya zvezdy, gaz (s uchetom ohlazhdeniya i nagreva), zvezdoobrazovanie i sverhnovye (kotorye v svoyu ochered' vliyayut na gaz). V obshem: slozhno i interesno. Stat'ya bol'shaya (30 zhurnal'nyh stranic), zato s kartinkami....

astro-ph/0303261 kachestvennaya teoriya lizirovannyh kvazarov (Qualitative Theory for Lensed QSOs)
Authors: Prasenjit Saha (QMW London), Liliya L.R. Williams (U Minnesota)
Commets: 26 pages, incl. 15 figs; accepted to AJ; java applet available at http://ankh-morpork.maths.qmw.ac.uk/~saha/astron/lens/
Nablyudatel'nye harakteristiki kvazarov s neskol'kimi izobrazheniyami (iz-za gravitacionnogo linzirovaniya) obladayut celym ryadom model'no-nezavisimyh svoistv, kotorye mozhno vyvesti iz ochen' prostyh soobrazhenii. Eti ideyu illyustriruyutsya na celom ryade real'no nablyudaemyh sistem. Na saite avtora deistvuet java-applet.

astro-ph/0303262 Nablyudenie effekta Syunyaeva-Zel'dovicha "ryadom s domom" (Observing the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect Closer to Home)
Authors: James E. Taylor, Kavilan Moodley & J. M. Diego
Commets: 5 pages, 3 figures; submitted to MNRAS
Samoe moshnoe proyavleniem effekta Syunyaeva-Zel'dovicha mozhet nablyudat'sya pochti u "nashego poroga" - na galo galaktiki M31. Zona ponizhennoi yarkosti reliktovogo fona budet imet' razmer poryadka 10 gradusov. Takoi bol'shoi razmer ne uproshaet, a zatrudnyaet ee obnaruzhenie.

lekciya astro-ph/0303272 Obilie elementov v kosmose (Element Abundances through the Cosmic Ages)
Authors: Max Pettini
Commets: Lectures given at the XIII Canary Islands Winter School of Astrophysics, osmochemistry: The Melting Pot of Elements'. To be published by Cambridge University Press; 42 pages, 33 figures
Bol'shoi material, gde v "pedagogicheskoi" forme izlozheny sovremennye dannye po nablyudeniyu obiliya elementov ot nashim okrestnostei do bol'shih krasnyh smeshenii. Konechno zhe, opisyvaetsya i teoretieskoe ponimanie etoi problemy.

astro-ph/0303274 IGR J16318-484 - rentgenovskii istochnik v plotnoi obolochke? (IGR J16318-4848: an X-ray source in a dense envelope?)
Authors: M. Revnivtsev et al. (MPA, Garching, Germany; IKI, Moscow, Russia)
Commets: Accepted for publication in Astronomy Letters
Eto odna iz pervyh otechestvennyh statei (a mozhet byt' prosto pervaya), napisannaya po dannym zapushennogo v konce 2002 gody sputnika INTEGRAL. Zhestkii rentgenovskii IGR J16318-4848 otkryt s INTEGRALa, zatem ego udalos' obnaruzhit' v arhivnyh dannyh yaponskogo sputnika ASCA (1994), no tam on ne byl identificirovan. Istochnik obladaet sovershenno neobychnymi svoistvami - pohozhe on svetit cherez tolstyi sloi veshestva - ranee takogo nigde ne nablyudalos'. Pervaya predlozhennaya model' - akkreciruyushii iz zvezdnogo vetra istochnik v massivnoi dvoinoi sisteme.

astro-ph/0303280 Obrazovanie raspredeleniya dvoinyh sistem po orbital'nym periodam v rezul'tate vozdeistviya mezhzvezdnoi turbulentnosti (A Turbulent Interstellar Medium Origin of the Binary Period Distribution)
Authors: Robert T. Fisher
Commets: 40 pages, 7 figures
Opisana poluempiricheskaya model' obrazovaniya dvoinyh sistem. Osnovnye orbital'nye parametry svyazany s parametrami turbulentnosti v materinskom molekulyarnom oblake. Kachestvenno avtoru udaetsya ob'yasnit' osnovnye svoistva raspredelenii dvoinyh po periodam i nekotorye drugie korrelyacii.

miniobzor astro-ph/0303296 Magnitary v eru poslesvechenii (Magnetars in the afterglow era)
Authors: D. Eichler, Y. Lyubarsky, C. Thompson, P.Woods
Commets: 8 pages, 1 fig. To appear in Proc. Marsala workshop "Pulsars, AXPs and SGRs observed with BeppoSAX and other observatories"
"V mire skazok tozhe est' bulochki". U istochnikov myagkih povtoryayushihsya gamma-vspleskov tozhe est' rentgenovskie poslesvecheniya. Avtory pokazyvayut, kak etot fenomen nahodit svoe ob'yasnenie v ramkah naibolee populyarnyi na segodnyashnii den' magnitarnoi gipotezy.

obzor hep-th/0303095 Kosmologiya i miry na brane: obzor (Cosmology and Brane Worlds: A Review)
Authors: Philippe Brax, Carsten van de Bruck
Commets: 37 pages; invited topical review for Classical and Quantum Gravity; to appear
Bol'shoi obzor s polutorasotnei ssylok. Bez formul v etom dele ne oboitis', no beglyi prosmotr pokazyvaet, chto mozhno prorvat'sya!

Arhiv statei, voshedshih v predydushie vypuski.
Razdely arhiva (s iyulya 2002 g.):
obzory, kosmologiya, neitrino, kosmicheskie luchi i gamma-astronomiya, galaktiki, AYaG, kvazary, nasha Galaktika, mezhzvezdnaya sreda, zvezdy, sverhnovye, ostatki sverhnovyh, chernye dyry, neitronnye zvezdy, linzirovanie, Solnce, ekzoplanety, Solnechnaya sistema, akkreciya, tesnye dvoinye sistemy, gamma-vspleski, gravitacionnye volny, mehanizmy izlucheniya, chislennoe modelirovanie, dinamika, mehanika metody obrabotki dannyh, MGD, metody nablyudenii, budushie nablyudatel'nye proekty, prochee.
Poleznye astronomicheskie ssylki.
Obzornye stat'i v astro-ph s 2001 g.

Sergei Popov
Mihail Prohorov
astro-ph/0303180 Tochnaya kosmologiya? Eshe net (Precision Cosmology? Not Just Yet)
Authors: S.L.Bridle, O.Lahav, J.P.Ostriker, P.J.Steinhardt

astro-ph/0303151 Polnye 3-mernye orbity dlya neskol'kih zvezd proletayushih vblizi central'noi sverhmassivnoi chernoi dyry (Full Three Dimensional Orbits For Multiple Stars on Close Approaches to the Central Supermassive Black Hole)
Authors: A.M.Ghez et al.
Commets: 7 pages, 5 figures (abridged abstract)
Postroeny orbity eshe neskol'kih zvezd obrashayushihsya vokrug sverhmassivnoi chernoi dyry v centre nashei Galaktiki (predydushie postroeniya sm. zdes'.) Odna iz etih zvezd (S0-16) v 1999 godu proletala na rasstoyanie 60 AU ot chernoi dyry i imela v tot moment skorost' 9000 km/s. Na fotografii oblast' 1"x1" s centrom v Sgr A*.

astro-ph/0303153 Novye orbity v zadache n-tel (New Orbits for the n-Body Problem)
Authors: R.J. Vanderbei
Commets: 16 pages, 2 tables, 6 figures
Predlozhen metod nahozhdeniya periodicheskih reshenii v probleme n-tel. S ego pomosh'yu naideny neskol'ko chastnyh reshenii dlya n=3, 4 i 5. Nekotorye iz nih (dlya n=4) pokazany na risunke.

astro-ph/0303155 Rentgenovskie spektry molodyh pul'sarov i ih tumannostei: zavisimost' ot energii zamedleniya (X-ray Spectra of Young Pulsars and Their Wind Nebulae: Dependence on Spin-down Energy)
Authors: E. V. Gotthelf
Commets: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, LaTex, emulateapj5.sty. To appear in the June 20, 2003 issue of the Astrophysical Journal
Novye nablyudeniya trebuyut utochnenii modelei. Dannye Chandry, pozvolivshie podrobno izuchit' 9 krabopodobnyh pul'sarov i ih tumannosti, trebuyut peresmotra modeli rentgenovskih spektrov etih ob'ektov. Vo mnogom eto svyazano s tem, chto predydushie nablyudeniya ne mogli razdelit' spektry samogo pul'sara i tumannosti (iz-za nizkogo uglovogo razresheniya). V stat'e predstavleny rezul'taty popytki postroeniya novoi fenomenologicheskoi modeli.

astro-ph/0303171 Modeli kollapsa yadra uluchsheny, no vzryva vse net: chto ne tak? (Improved Models of Stellar Core Collapse and Still no Explosions: What is Missing?)
Authors: R. Buras et al.
Commets: 5 pages, PRL submitted; 3 eps figures, 1 colored, high-quality available upon request
Na t.n. tehasskoi konferencii vo Florencii v dekabre poshlogo goda porazil kommentarii Virdzhinii Trimbl, chto v obshem-to problema vzryva sverhnovoi reshena Vusli, Viverom i dr. (plyus kak obychno ehidnyi kommentarii, chto esli vy ne otlichaete Vusli-Vivera ot Visli-Vuvera, to slishkom dolgo rabotaete v etoi oblasti). Po ee mneniyu, ostaetsya tol'ko uchityvat' tonkosti: pole, vrashenie, him.sostav i t.d.
Odnako, ne vse tak prosto. Gruppa Yanki i dr. davno vyskazyvala pessimizm otnositel'no sushestvuyushih problem v fizike vzryva sverhnovoi, po ih mneniyu slishkom mnogoe zakladyvaetsya rukami. Vot novoe podtverzhdenie ih vzglyadov.
Novye detal'nye dvumernye raschety s vrasheniem i bez ne dayut vzryva. Odnimi neitrino vrode kak ne oboitis'. Vozmozhno kritichen uchet magnitnyh polei ili kakoi-to ekzotiki.
O neitrino v sverhnovyh sm. takzhe otdel'nuyu stat'yu toi zhe gruppy "Supernova neutrinos: Flavor-dependent fluxes and spectra" astro-ph/0303226.

miniobzor astro-ph/0303173 Dvoinye sverhmassivnye chernye dyry kak galakticheskie meshalki (Supermassive Black Hole Binaries as Galactic Blenders)
Authors: Henry E. Kandrup et al. Bohn
Commets: 16 pages plus 15 figures
Dvoinaya sverhmassivnaya chernaya dyra mozhet zdorovo "peremeshat'" zvezdy v galaktike. Kakie stadii est' u etogo processa? Kakova zona vliyaniya dvoinoi chernoi dyry? Kakie nablyudayushiesya fenomeny mozhno ob'yasnit' v ramkah etoi modeli? Vot osnovnye temy dannogo obzora.

astro-ph/0303174 Evolyuciya struktury relyativistskih dzhetov i krivye bleska poslesvechenii gamma-vspleskov (The Evolution of a Structured Relativistic Jet and GRB Afterglow Light-Curves)
Authors: Pawan Kumar and Jonathan Granot
Commets: 22 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ (scheduled for the v590, June 20, 2003 issue)
Avtory - obladateli horoshego relyativistskogo gidrodinamicheskogo koda, kotoryi pozvolyaet im schitat' processy v gamma-vspleskah. Poschitana ocherednaya model', posle chego pokazano, chto ee rezul'taty horosho opisyvayutsya prostym analiticheskim priblizheniem (no do vypolneniya raschetov vyskazat' takoe utverzhdenie bylo nel'zya).

astro-ph/0303175 Krupnomasshtabnaya struktura v Sloanovskom Cifrovom Obzore Neba (Large Scale Structure in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey)
Authors: M. Bernardi
Commets: 12 pages, 5 figures. To appear in "Carnegie Observatories Astrophysics Series, Vol. 2: Measuring and Modeling the Universe", ed. W. L. Freedman
Poslednie gody v astrofizike otmecheny vazhnym novshestvom: razvitie komp'yuternyh tehnologii pozvolilo provodit' massirovannye avtomaticheskie obzory neba v raznyh diapazonah. Nekotorye iz takih proektov svyazany s kosmologicheskimi issledovaniyami.
Napomnim, chto s nablyudatel'noi tochki zreniya sovremennaya kosmologiya baziruetsya na: nablyudeniyah reliktovogo izlucheniya, nablyudeniyah razbeganiya galaktik, dannyh o pervichnom nukleosinteze, dannyh po krupnomasshtabnoi strukture. Prichem, v svyazi s vozmozhnost'yu dostatochno detal'nyh raschetov obrazovaniya struktury poslednii punkt stal gorazdo vazhnee, chem on byl 20-30 let nazad.
V stat'e daetsya obzor rezul'tatov Sloanovskogo obzora po krupnomasshtabnoi strukture. S odnoi storony vse standartno: standartnaya ploskaya model' s kosmologicheskoi postoyannoi prekrasno vse opisyvaet. S drugoi - eto ne prosto novyi vazhnyi kusok dannyh, eto eshe i ochen' krasivo.

astro-ph/0303177 Nizkaya statistika kosmicheskih luchei sverhvysokih energii (Low Statistics of EHECRs)
Authors: Angela V. Olinto et al.
Commets: Proceedings of the International Workshopon Extremely High Energy Cosmic Rays, RIKEN, Japan
Esli kto-to propustil... Dannye dvuh eksperimentov po kosmicheskim lucham sverhvysokih energii - AGASA i HiRes - ne sovpadayut drug s drugom. Komandy uspeli obmenyat'sya rezkimi stat'yami, posvyashennymi poisku problem v eksperimente-sopernike i ob'yasneniyu svoei pravoty. Na samom dele rashozhdenie ne stol' kritichno. Po vsei vidimosti prosto mala statistika. Etomu i posvyashena stat'ya.

astro-ph/0303180 Tochnaya kosmologiya? Eshe net (Precision Cosmology? Not Just Yet)
Authors: S.L.Bridle, O.Lahav, J.P.Ostriker, P.J.Steinhardt
Commets: 2 pages, 2 figures. See online journal version
Dannye WMAP po nablyudeniyu anizotropii relikta vkupe s drugimi eksperimental'nymi dannymi povysili tochnost' opredeleniya kosmologicheskih parametrov primerno v 2 raza. Dostatochno li etogo, chtoby proverit' klyuchevye komponenty standartnoi kosmologicheskoi modeli? Na dvuh stranicah avtory pokazyvayut, chto net.

astro-ph/0303182 Uravnenie dvizheniya chastic proizvol'noi formy v pole izlucheniya (Equation of Motion for an Arbitrarily Shaped Particle Moving in a Radiation Field)
Authors: Jozef Klacka
Avtor vyvel kovariantnye uravneniya dvizheniya chastic pyli proizvol'noi formy v kotoryh uchityvaetsya vliyanie vneshnei elektromagnitnoi radiacii i teplovogo izlucheniya samih chastic. Uravneniya vyrazheny cherez standartnye opticheskie parametry. [Ne ponyatno, zachem dlya pyli vyvodit' relyativistskoe uravnenie dvizheniya? Vprochem eto nikogda i nigde ne meshaet.]

obzor astro-ph/0303194 Dissipaciya elektromagnitnogo potoka: sigma-problema s vetrom pul'sara v Krabe (Dissipation in Poynting-flux Dominated Flows: the Sigma-Problem of the Crab Pulsar Wind)
Authors: J. G. Kirk and O. Skjaeraasen
Commets: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Vnutri svetovogo cilindra energiya vrasheniya pul'sara perenositsya prakticheski polnost'yu elektromagnitnym potokom (potokom Pointinga), eto vyvod vseh sovremenny teorii i modelei. A uzhe nedaleko za svetovym cilindrom eta energiya prakticheski polnost'yu okazyvaetsya zaklyuchennoi v potoke relyativistskih chastic (vzaimodeistvie kotoryh s veshestvom nablyudaetsya). Raspredelenie unosimoi energii mezhdu elektromagnitnym potokom i chasticami opisyvaetsya parametrom sigma. Polnoi modeli dannogo processa na segodnyashnii den' net.

miniobzor astro-ph/0303199 Vrashenie malomassivnyh zvezd do glavnoi posledovatel'nosti (The Rotation of Low-Mass Pre-Main-Sequence Stars)
Authors: Robert D. Mathieu
Commets: 10 pages, 5 figures, conference proceedings
V stat'e dan obzor nablyudatel'nyh rezul'tatov poslednih 10 let o vrashenii malomassivnyh zvezd eshe ne dostigshih glavnoi posledovatel'nosti. Obsuzhdayutsya vozmozhnye mehanizmy ih tormozheniya.

astro-ph/0303200 Skurpuleznoe sravnenie razlichnyh algoritmov obnaruzheniya planet (A rigorous comparison of different planet detection algorithms)
Authors: B. Tingley
Commets: Accepted for publications by Astronomy and Astrophysics
Navernoe nazvanie stat'i ne sovsem tochno - deistvitel'no rassmatrivayutsya neskol'ko algoritmov obnaruzheniya vnesolnechnyh planet, no tol'ko po ih prohozhdeniyu po disku zvezdy. Dana statisticheskaya ocenka effektivnosti metodov.

astro-ph/0303209 COSMOS: radiacionno-himo-gidrodinamicheskii kod dlya astrofizicheskih zadach (COSMOS: A Radiation-Chemo-Hydrodynamics Code for Astrophysical Problems)
Authors: Peter Anninos et al.
Commets: 29 pages, 15 figures, to appear in Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
Opisyvaetsya moguchii vychislitel'nyi kod. Stat'ya tehnicheskaya. Privodyatsya rezul'taty testovyh progonov, obsuzhdayutsya uravneniya i t.p. Budet interesno vsem, kto zanimaetsya matmodelirovaniem.

astro-ph/0303232 Radio i gamma- izluchenie pul'sarov (Radio and gamma-ray emission from pulsars)
Authors: G.J. Qiao, K.J. Lee, H.G. Wang, R.X. Xu
Commets: 4 pages, 1 figure, in the meeting on "Radio Pulsars", Crete 2002, in press
Nesmotrya na to, chto pul'sary izvestny uzhe bolee 35 let, mehanizm ih izlucheniya do konca ne ponyat. Avtory stat'i predstavlyayut ocherednuyu popytku opisat' izluchenie pul'sarov ot radio do gamma diapazona v edinoi modeli.
Dannaya stat'ya - eto materialy konferencii. potomu tut ochen' kratko, tezisno, perechisleny osnovnye cherty modeli. Osnovnuyu rol' v podhode avtorov stat'i igraet obratnoe komptonovskoe rasseyanie. Podgonkoi parametrov modeli im udaetsya opisat' impul'sy 7 horosho izuchennyh pul'sarov.

hep-ph/0303073 Vliyanie CFL kvarkovoi materii na ohlazhdenie kompaktnyh zvezd (Impact of CFL Quark Matter on the Cooling of Compact Stars)
Authors: Igor A. Shovkovy, Paul J. Ellis
Commets: 7 pages. Talk presented at 2002 International Workshop "On Strong Coupling Gauge Theories And Effective Field Theories" (SCGT 02), 10-13 December 2002, Nagoya, Japan
V fizike neitronnyh zvezd ochen' vazhnoi i interesnoi zadachei yavlyaetsya raschet ih ohlazhdeniya. Delo v tom, chto s odnoi storony eta problema trebuet ponimaniya povedeniya veshestva v ekstremal'nyh usloviyah, s drugoi - eto mozhno proverit' v nablyudeniyah (sm., naprimer, raboty Sankt-Peterburgskoi gruppy i ih obzor v UFN).
T.n. "strannye zvezdy" ohlazhdayutsya po-drugomu.... Ob etom avtory rasskazyvayut v obsuzhdaemoi stat'e. Eto ne obzor, odnako, mnogie vazhnye ssylki prisutstvuyut. Krome togo v statei "mnogo fiziki, malo formul". T.o. eta korotkaya zametka budet interesna fizikam.

astro-ph/0303240 O proishozhdenii global'nogo Shmidtovskogo zakona zvezdoobrazovaniya (On the Origin of the Global Schmidt Law of Star Formation)
Authors: Andrey V. Kravtsov
Commets: submitted to ApJL, 5 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX (uses emulateapj5.sty)
Zvezdoobrazovanie - process slozhnyi. Odnako, tam est' prostye zakonomernosti. naprimer, zakon Shmidta: poverhnostnaya plotnost' molodyh zvezd proporcional'na poverhnostnoi plotnosti mezhzvezdnogo gaza v nekotoroi stepeni (poverhnostnaya oznachaet "prosummirovannaya poperek diska"). Eta prostaya zavisimost' byla obnaruzhena bolee 40 let nazad. S teh por bylo mnogo popytok ee ob'yasnit'. I problema ne v tom, chto ob'yasneniya net, a v tom, chto ih mnogo!
V dannoi rabote predstavleny rezul'taty chislennogo modelirovaniya, v kotoryh estestvennym obrazom voznikaet zakon Shmidta. Pravda, eto ne oznachaet, chto naideno ob'yasnenie. Odnako, mozhno sdelat' vazhnyi vyvod, chto zvezdoobrazovanie na bol'shim masshtabah opredelyaetsya sverhzvukovoi turbulentnost'yu, kotoraya svyazana s gravitacionnymi neistoichivostyami na bol'shih masshtabah, a ne obratnym vliyaniem zvezd ili teplovymi neistoichivostyami, kotorye sushestvuyut na nebol'shim masshtabah.

astro-ph/0303242 Avtomodel'noe reshenie tret'ego roda v zadache sil'nogo vzryva (Self-similarity of the Third Type in the Strong Explosion Problem)
Author: Andrei Gruzinov (NYU)
Commets: 4 pages, 3 figures
Reshenie zadachi o sil'nom vzryve v veshestve so stepennym raspredeleniem plotnosti obladaet avtomodel'nost'yu. Dlya pokazatelya adiabaty 5/3 resheniya v srede s alpha<3 (alpha - pokazatel' stepeni v zavisimosti plotnosti ot radiusa) obladayut avtomodel'nost'yu I roda, pri alpha >3.26 - avtomodel'nost'yu II roda.
V stat'e naideno reshenie dlya ostavshegosya intervala (3< alpha <3.26) i ego nel'zya otnesti ni k odnomu iz ukazannyh tipov.

astro-ph/0303245 Mozhno li poluchit' inflyaciyu s Omega > 1? (Can we have inflation with Omega > 1?)
Authors: Andrei Linde
Commets: 8 pages, 4 figs., extended version of the talk given at the conference COSMO-01, September 4, 2001, Rovaniemi, Finland
"Esli nel'zya, no ochen' hochetsya, to mozhno". Predstavlen klass modelei, gde plotnost' bol'she kriticheskoi. Avtor otmechaet, chto modeli maloprivlekatel'ny i trebuyut podgonki. T.o. predskazanie inflyacii o blizosti plotnosti k kriticheskoi ostaetsya v sile.

astro-ph/0303246 Vosstanovlenie izobrazhenii metodom maksimuma entropii s ispol'zovaniem veivletov (Maximum-entropy image reconstruction using wavelets)
Authors: Klaus Maisinger, M.P. Hobson and A.N. Lasenby
Commets: 21 pages, 20 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Eta stat'ya budet polezna ne tol'ko astronomam. Tam est' i teoriya, i mnogo naglyadnyh primerov. Eto ne obzor, a skoree horoshee nebol'shoe uchebnoe posobie.

astro-ph/0303257 Modelirovanie normal'nyh spiral'nyh galaktik (Simulations of Normal Spiral Galaxies)
Authors: Roelof Bottema
Commets: Accepted for publication in: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astron. Soc. The astro-ph copy has a few figures with degraded resolution. A copy with high quality graphics (4281 kb) can be downloaded from the kapteyn institute weg page at http://www.astro.rug.nl (Goto preprints and preprints 2003)
Modelirovanie galaktik - neprostoe zanyatie. Dlya togo, chtoby poluchit' strukturu nedostatochno pol'zovat'sya tol'ko metodom mnogih tel, ili naoborot tol'ko gidrodinamikoi. V dannoi stat'e opisyvayutsya vychisleniya, vklyuchayushie v sebya zvezdy, gaz (s uchetom ohlazhdeniya i nagreva), zvezdoobrazovanie i sverhnovye (kotorye v svoyu ochered' vliyayut na gaz). V obshem: slozhno i interesno. Stat'ya bol'shaya (30 zhurnal'nyh stranic), zato s kartinkami....

astro-ph/0303261 kachestvennaya teoriya lizirovannyh kvazarov (Qualitative Theory for Lensed QSOs)
Authors: Prasenjit Saha (QMW London), Liliya L.R. Williams (U Minnesota)
Commets: 26 pages, incl. 15 figs; accepted to AJ; java applet available at http://ankh-morpork.maths.qmw.ac.uk/~saha/astron/lens/
Nablyudatel'nye harakteristiki kvazarov s neskol'kimi izobrazheniyami (iz-za gravitacionnogo linzirovaniya) obladayut celym ryadom model'no-nezavisimyh svoistv, kotorye mozhno vyvesti iz ochen' prostyh soobrazhenii. Eti ideyu illyustriruyutsya na celom ryade real'no nablyudaemyh sistem. Na saite avtora deistvuet java-applet.

astro-ph/0303262 Nablyudenie effekta Syunyaeva-Zel'dovicha "ryadom s domom" (Observing the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect Closer to Home)
Authors: James E. Taylor, Kavilan Moodley & J. M. Diego
Commets: 5 pages, 3 figures; submitted to MNRAS
Samoe moshnoe proyavleniem effekta Syunyaeva-Zel'dovicha mozhet nablyudat'sya pochti u "nashego poroga" - na galo galaktiki M31. Zona ponizhennoi yarkosti reliktovogo fona budet imet' razmer poryadka 10 gradusov. Takoi bol'shoi razmer ne uproshaet, a zatrudnyaet ee obnaruzhenie.

lekciya astro-ph/0303272 Obilie elementov v kosmose (Element Abundances through the Cosmic Ages)
Authors: Max Pettini
Commets: Lectures given at the XIII Canary Islands Winter School of Astrophysics, osmochemistry: The Melting Pot of Elements'. To be published by Cambridge University Press; 42 pages, 33 figures
Bol'shoi material, gde v "pedagogicheskoi" forme izlozheny sovremennye dannye po nablyudeniyu obiliya elementov ot nashim okrestnostei do bol'shih krasnyh smeshenii. Konechno zhe, opisyvaetsya i teoretieskoe ponimanie etoi problemy.

astro-ph/0303274 IGR J16318-484 - rentgenovskii istochnik v plotnoi obolochke? (IGR J16318-4848: an X-ray source in a dense envelope?)
Authors: M. Revnivtsev et al. (MPA, Garching, Germany; IKI, Moscow, Russia)
Commets: Accepted for publication in Astronomy Letters
Eto odna iz pervyh otechestvennyh statei (a mozhet byt' prosto pervaya), napisannaya po dannym zapushennogo v konce 2002 gody sputnika INTEGRAL. Zhestkii rentgenovskii IGR J16318-4848 otkryt s INTEGRALa, zatem ego udalos' obnaruzhit' v arhivnyh dannyh yaponskogo sputnika ASCA (1994), no tam on ne byl identificirovan. Istochnik obladaet sovershenno neobychnymi svoistvami - pohozhe on svetit cherez tolstyi sloi veshestva - ranee takogo nigde ne nablyudalos'. Pervaya predlozhennaya model' - akkreciruyushii iz zvezdnogo vetra istochnik v massivnoi dvoinoi sisteme.

astro-ph/0303280 Obrazovanie raspredeleniya dvoinyh sistem po orbital'nym periodam v rezul'tate vozdeistviya mezhzvezdnoi turbulentnosti (A Turbulent Interstellar Medium Origin of the Binary Period Distribution)
Authors: Robert T. Fisher
Commets: 40 pages, 7 figures
Opisana poluempiricheskaya model' obrazovaniya dvoinyh sistem. Osnovnye orbital'nye parametry svyazany s parametrami turbulentnosti v materinskom molekulyarnom oblake. Kachestvenno avtoru udaetsya ob'yasnit' osnovnye svoistva raspredelenii dvoinyh po periodam i nekotorye drugie korrelyacii.

miniobzor astro-ph/0303296 Magnitary v eru poslesvechenii (Magnetars in the afterglow era)
Authors: D. Eichler, Y. Lyubarsky, C. Thompson, P.Woods
Commets: 8 pages, 1 fig. To appear in Proc. Marsala workshop "Pulsars, AXPs and SGRs observed with BeppoSAX and other observatories"
"V mire skazok tozhe est' bulochki". U istochnikov myagkih povtoryayushihsya gamma-vspleskov tozhe est' rentgenovskie poslesvecheniya. Avtory pokazyvayut, kak etot fenomen nahodit svoe ob'yasnenie v ramkah naibolee populyarnyi na segodnyashnii den' magnitarnoi gipotezy.

obzor hep-th/0303095 Kosmologiya i miry na brane: obzor (Cosmology and Brane Worlds: A Review)
Authors: Philippe Brax, Carsten van de Bruck
Commets: 37 pages; invited topical review for Classical and Quantum Gravity; to appear
Bol'shoi obzor s polutorasotnei ssylok. Bez formul v etom dele ne oboitis', no beglyi prosmotr pokazyvaet, chto mozhno prorvat'sya!

Arhiv statei, voshedshih v predydushie vypuski.
Razdely arhiva (s iyulya 2002 g.):
obzory, kosmologiya, neitrino, kosmicheskie luchi i gamma-astronomiya, galaktiki, AYaG, kvazary, nasha Galaktika, mezhzvezdnaya sreda, zvezdy, sverhnovye, ostatki sverhnovyh, chernye dyry, neitronnye zvezdy, linzirovanie, Solnce, ekzoplanety, Solnechnaya sistema, akkreciya, tesnye dvoinye sistemy, gamma-vspleski, gravitacionnye volny, mehanizmy izlucheniya, chislennoe modelirovanie, dinamika, mehanika metody obrabotki dannyh, MGD, metody nablyudenii, budushie nablyudatel'nye proekty, prochee.
Poleznye astronomicheskie ssylki.
Obzornye stat'i v astro-ph s 2001 g.

Sergei Popov
Mihail Prohorov

astro-ph/0303151 Polnye 3-mernye orbity dlya neskol'kih zvezd proletayushih vblizi central'noi sverhmassivnoi chernoi dyry (Full Three Dimensional Orbits For Multiple Stars on Close Approaches to the Central Supermassive Black Hole) Authors: A.M.Ghez et al. Commets: 7 pages, 5 figures (abridged abstract) Postroeny orbity eshe neskol'kih zvezd obrashayushihsya vokrug sverhmassivnoi chernoi dyry v centre nashei Galaktiki (predydushie postroeniya sm. zdes'.) Odna iz etih zvezd (S0-16) v 1999 godu proletala na rasstoyanie 60 AU ot chernoi dyry i imela v tot moment skorost' 9000 km/s. Na fotografii oblast' 1"x1" s centrom v Sgr A*.
astro-ph/0303153 Novye orbity v zadache n-tel (New Orbits for the n-Body Problem)
Authors: R.J. Vanderbei
Commets: 16 pages, 2 tables, 6 figures
Predlozhen metod nahozhdeniya periodicheskih reshenii v probleme n-tel. S ego pomosh'yu naideny neskol'ko chastnyh reshenii dlya n=3, 4 i 5. Nekotorye iz nih (dlya n=4) pokazany na risunke.
astro-ph/0303155 Rentgenovskie spektry molodyh pul'sarov i ih tumannostei: zavisimost' ot energii zamedleniya (X-ray Spectra of Young Pulsars and Their Wind Nebulae: Dependence on Spin-down Energy)
Authors: E. V. Gotthelf
Commets: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, LaTex, emulateapj5.sty. To appear in the June 20, 2003 issue of the Astrophysical Journal
Novye nablyudeniya trebuyut utochnenii modelei. Dannye Chandry, pozvolivshie podrobno izuchit' 9 krabopodobnyh pul'sarov i ih tumannosti, trebuyut peresmotra modeli rentgenovskih spektrov etih ob'ektov. Vo mnogom eto svyazano s tem, chto predydushie nablyudeniya ne mogli razdelit' spektry samogo pul'sara i tumannosti (iz-za nizkogo uglovogo razresheniya). V stat'e predstavleny rezul'taty popytki postroeniya novoi fenomenologicheskoi modeli.
astro-ph/0303171 Modeli kollapsa yadra uluchsheny, no vzryva vse net: chto ne tak? (Improved Models of Stellar Core Collapse and Still no Explosions: What is Missing?)
Authors: R. Buras et al.
Commets: 5 pages, PRL submitted; 3 eps figures, 1 colored, high-quality available upon request
Na t.n. tehasskoi konferencii vo Florencii v dekabre poshlogo goda porazil kommentarii Virdzhinii Trimbl, chto v obshem-to problema vzryva sverhnovoi reshena Vusli, Viverom i dr. (plyus kak obychno ehidnyi kommentarii, chto esli vy ne otlichaete Vusli-Vivera ot Visli-Vuvera, to slishkom dolgo rabotaete v etoi oblasti). Po ee mneniyu, ostaetsya tol'ko uchityvat' tonkosti: pole, vrashenie, him.sostav i t.d.
Odnako, ne vse tak prosto. Gruppa Yanki i dr. davno vyskazyvala pessimizm otnositel'no sushestvuyushih problem v fizike vzryva sverhnovoi, po ih mneniyu slishkom mnogoe zakladyvaetsya rukami. Vot novoe podtverzhdenie ih vzglyadov.
Novye detal'nye dvumernye raschety s vrasheniem i bez ne dayut vzryva. Odnimi neitrino vrode kak ne oboitis'. Vozmozhno kritichen uchet magnitnyh polei ili kakoi-to ekzotiki.
O neitrino v sverhnovyh sm. takzhe otdel'nuyu stat'yu toi zhe gruppy "Supernova neutrinos: Flavor-dependent fluxes and spectra" astro-ph/0303226.
miniobzor astro-ph/0303173 Dvoinye sverhmassivnye chernye dyry kak galakticheskie meshalki (Supermassive Black Hole Binaries as Galactic Blenders)
Authors: Henry E. Kandrup et al. Bohn
Commets: 16 pages plus 15 figures
Dvoinaya sverhmassivnaya chernaya dyra mozhet zdorovo "peremeshat'" zvezdy v galaktike. Kakie stadii est' u etogo processa? Kakova zona vliyaniya dvoinoi chernoi dyry? Kakie nablyudayushiesya fenomeny mozhno ob'yasnit' v ramkah etoi modeli? Vot osnovnye temy dannogo obzora.
astro-ph/0303174 Evolyuciya struktury relyativistskih dzhetov i krivye bleska poslesvechenii gamma-vspleskov (The Evolution of a Structured Relativistic Jet and GRB Afterglow Light-Curves)
Authors: Pawan Kumar and Jonathan Granot
Commets: 22 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ (scheduled for the v590, June 20, 2003 issue)
Avtory - obladateli horoshego relyativistskogo gidrodinamicheskogo koda, kotoryi pozvolyaet im schitat' processy v gamma-vspleskah. Poschitana ocherednaya model', posle chego pokazano, chto ee rezul'taty horosho opisyvayutsya prostym analiticheskim priblizheniem (no do vypolneniya raschetov vyskazat' takoe utverzhdenie bylo nel'zya).
astro-ph/0303175 Krupnomasshtabnaya struktura v Sloanovskom Cifrovom Obzore Neba (Large Scale Structure in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey)
Authors: M. Bernardi
Commets: 12 pages, 5 figures. To appear in "Carnegie Observatories Astrophysics Series, Vol. 2: Measuring and Modeling the Universe", ed. W. L. Freedman
Poslednie gody v astrofizike otmecheny vazhnym novshestvom: razvitie komp'yuternyh tehnologii pozvolilo provodit' massirovannye avtomaticheskie obzory neba v raznyh diapazonah. Nekotorye iz takih proektov svyazany s kosmologicheskimi issledovaniyami.
Napomnim, chto s nablyudatel'noi tochki zreniya sovremennaya kosmologiya baziruetsya na: nablyudeniyah reliktovogo izlucheniya, nablyudeniyah razbeganiya galaktik, dannyh o pervichnom nukleosinteze, dannyh po krupnomasshtabnoi strukture. Prichem, v svyazi s vozmozhnost'yu dostatochno detal'nyh raschetov obrazovaniya struktury poslednii punkt stal gorazdo vazhnee, chem on byl 20-30 let nazad.
V stat'e daetsya obzor rezul'tatov Sloanovskogo obzora po krupnomasshtabnoi strukture. S odnoi storony vse standartno: standartnaya ploskaya model' s kosmologicheskoi postoyannoi prekrasno vse opisyvaet. S drugoi - eto ne prosto novyi vazhnyi kusok dannyh, eto eshe i ochen' krasivo.
astro-ph/0303177 Nizkaya statistika kosmicheskih luchei sverhvysokih energii (Low Statistics of EHECRs)
Authors: Angela V. Olinto et al.
Commets: Proceedings of the International Workshopon Extremely High Energy Cosmic Rays, RIKEN, Japan
Esli kto-to propustil... Dannye dvuh eksperimentov po kosmicheskim lucham sverhvysokih energii - AGASA i HiRes - ne sovpadayut drug s drugom. Komandy uspeli obmenyat'sya rezkimi stat'yami, posvyashennymi poisku problem v eksperimente-sopernike i ob'yasneniyu svoei pravoty. Na samom dele rashozhdenie ne stol' kritichno. Po vsei vidimosti prosto mala statistika. Etomu i posvyashena stat'ya.
astro-ph/0303180 Tochnaya kosmologiya? Eshe net (Precision Cosmology? Not Just Yet)
Authors: S.L.Bridle, O.Lahav, J.P.Ostriker, P.J.Steinhardt
Commets: 2 pages, 2 figures. See online journal version
Dannye WMAP po nablyudeniyu anizotropii relikta vkupe s drugimi eksperimental'nymi dannymi povysili tochnost' opredeleniya kosmologicheskih parametrov primerno v 2 raza. Dostatochno li etogo, chtoby proverit' klyuchevye komponenty standartnoi kosmologicheskoi modeli? Na dvuh stranicah avtory pokazyvayut, chto net.
astro-ph/0303182 Uravnenie dvizheniya chastic proizvol'noi formy v pole izlucheniya (Equation of Motion for an Arbitrarily Shaped Particle Moving in a Radiation Field)
Authors: Jozef Klacka
Avtor vyvel kovariantnye uravneniya dvizheniya chastic pyli proizvol'noi formy v kotoryh uchityvaetsya vliyanie vneshnei elektromagnitnoi radiacii i teplovogo izlucheniya samih chastic. Uravneniya vyrazheny cherez standartnye opticheskie parametry. [Ne ponyatno, zachem dlya pyli vyvodit' relyativistskoe uravnenie dvizheniya? Vprochem eto nikogda i nigde ne meshaet.]
obzor astro-ph/0303194 Dissipaciya elektromagnitnogo potoka: sigma-problema s vetrom pul'sara v Krabe (Dissipation in Poynting-flux Dominated Flows: the Sigma-Problem of the Crab Pulsar Wind)
Authors: J. G. Kirk and O. Skjaeraasen
Commets: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Vnutri svetovogo cilindra energiya vrasheniya pul'sara perenositsya prakticheski polnost'yu elektromagnitnym potokom (potokom Pointinga), eto vyvod vseh sovremenny teorii i modelei. A uzhe nedaleko za svetovym cilindrom eta energiya prakticheski polnost'yu okazyvaetsya zaklyuchennoi v potoke relyativistskih chastic (vzaimodeistvie kotoryh s veshestvom nablyudaetsya). Raspredelenie unosimoi energii mezhdu elektromagnitnym potokom i chasticami opisyvaetsya parametrom sigma. Polnoi modeli dannogo processa na segodnyashnii den' net.
miniobzor astro-ph/0303199 Vrashenie malomassivnyh zvezd do glavnoi posledovatel'nosti (The Rotation of Low-Mass Pre-Main-Sequence Stars)
Authors: Robert D. Mathieu
Commets: 10 pages, 5 figures, conference proceedings
V stat'e dan obzor nablyudatel'nyh rezul'tatov poslednih 10 let o vrashenii malomassivnyh zvezd eshe ne dostigshih glavnoi posledovatel'nosti. Obsuzhdayutsya vozmozhnye mehanizmy ih tormozheniya.
astro-ph/0303200 Skurpuleznoe sravnenie razlichnyh algoritmov obnaruzheniya planet (A rigorous comparison of different planet detection algorithms)
Authors: B. Tingley
Commets: Accepted for publications by Astronomy and Astrophysics
Navernoe nazvanie stat'i ne sovsem tochno - deistvitel'no rassmatrivayutsya neskol'ko algoritmov obnaruzheniya vnesolnechnyh planet, no tol'ko po ih prohozhdeniyu po disku zvezdy. Dana statisticheskaya ocenka effektivnosti metodov.
astro-ph/0303209 COSMOS: radiacionno-himo-gidrodinamicheskii kod dlya astrofizicheskih zadach (COSMOS: A Radiation-Chemo-Hydrodynamics Code for Astrophysical Problems)
Authors: Peter Anninos et al.
Commets: 29 pages, 15 figures, to appear in Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
Opisyvaetsya moguchii vychislitel'nyi kod. Stat'ya tehnicheskaya. Privodyatsya rezul'taty testovyh progonov, obsuzhdayutsya uravneniya i t.p. Budet interesno vsem, kto zanimaetsya matmodelirovaniem.
astro-ph/0303232 Radio i gamma- izluchenie pul'sarov (Radio and gamma-ray emission from pulsars)
Authors: G.J. Qiao, K.J. Lee, H.G. Wang, R.X. Xu
Commets: 4 pages, 1 figure, in the meeting on "Radio Pulsars", Crete 2002, in press
Nesmotrya na to, chto pul'sary izvestny uzhe bolee 35 let, mehanizm ih izlucheniya do konca ne ponyat. Avtory stat'i predstavlyayut ocherednuyu popytku opisat' izluchenie pul'sarov ot radio do gamma diapazona v edinoi modeli.
Dannaya stat'ya - eto materialy konferencii. potomu tut ochen' kratko, tezisno, perechisleny osnovnye cherty modeli. Osnovnuyu rol' v podhode avtorov stat'i igraet obratnoe komptonovskoe rasseyanie. Podgonkoi parametrov modeli im udaetsya opisat' impul'sy 7 horosho izuchennyh pul'sarov.
hep-ph/0303073 Vliyanie CFL kvarkovoi materii na ohlazhdenie kompaktnyh zvezd (Impact of CFL Quark Matter on the Cooling of Compact Stars)
Authors: Igor A. Shovkovy, Paul J. Ellis
Commets: 7 pages. Talk presented at 2002 International Workshop "On Strong Coupling Gauge Theories And Effective Field Theories" (SCGT 02), 10-13 December 2002, Nagoya, Japan
V fizike neitronnyh zvezd ochen' vazhnoi i interesnoi zadachei yavlyaetsya raschet ih ohlazhdeniya. Delo v tom, chto s odnoi storony eta problema trebuet ponimaniya povedeniya veshestva v ekstremal'nyh usloviyah, s drugoi - eto mozhno proverit' v nablyudeniyah (sm., naprimer, raboty Sankt-Peterburgskoi gruppy i ih obzor v UFN).
T.n. "strannye zvezdy" ohlazhdayutsya po-drugomu.... Ob etom avtory rasskazyvayut v obsuzhdaemoi stat'e. Eto ne obzor, odnako, mnogie vazhnye ssylki prisutstvuyut. Krome togo v statei "mnogo fiziki, malo formul". T.o. eta korotkaya zametka budet interesna fizikam.
astro-ph/0303240 O proishozhdenii global'nogo Shmidtovskogo zakona zvezdoobrazovaniya (On the Origin of the Global Schmidt Law of Star Formation)
Authors: Andrey V. Kravtsov
Commets: submitted to ApJL, 5 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX (uses emulateapj5.sty)
Zvezdoobrazovanie - process slozhnyi. Odnako, tam est' prostye zakonomernosti. naprimer, zakon Shmidta: poverhnostnaya plotnost' molodyh zvezd proporcional'na poverhnostnoi plotnosti mezhzvezdnogo gaza v nekotoroi stepeni (poverhnostnaya oznachaet "prosummirovannaya poperek diska"). Eta prostaya zavisimost' byla obnaruzhena bolee 40 let nazad. S teh por bylo mnogo popytok ee ob'yasnit'. I problema ne v tom, chto ob'yasneniya net, a v tom, chto ih mnogo!
V dannoi rabote predstavleny rezul'taty chislennogo modelirovaniya, v kotoryh estestvennym obrazom voznikaet zakon Shmidta. Pravda, eto ne oznachaet, chto naideno ob'yasnenie. Odnako, mozhno sdelat' vazhnyi vyvod, chto zvezdoobrazovanie na bol'shim masshtabah opredelyaetsya sverhzvukovoi turbulentnost'yu, kotoraya svyazana s gravitacionnymi neistoichivostyami na bol'shih masshtabah, a ne obratnym vliyaniem zvezd ili teplovymi neistoichivostyami, kotorye sushestvuyut na nebol'shim masshtabah.
astro-ph/0303242 Avtomodel'noe reshenie tret'ego roda v zadache sil'nogo vzryva (Self-similarity of the Third Type in the Strong Explosion Problem)
Author: Andrei Gruzinov (NYU)
Commets: 4 pages, 3 figures
Reshenie zadachi o sil'nom vzryve v veshestve so stepennym raspredeleniem plotnosti obladaet avtomodel'nost'yu. Dlya pokazatelya adiabaty 5/3 resheniya v srede s alpha<3 (alpha - pokazatel' stepeni v zavisimosti plotnosti ot radiusa) obladayut avtomodel'nost'yu I roda, pri alpha >3.26 - avtomodel'nost'yu II roda.
V stat'e naideno reshenie dlya ostavshegosya intervala (3< alpha <3.26) i ego nel'zya otnesti ni k odnomu iz ukazannyh tipov.
astro-ph/0303245 Mozhno li poluchit' inflyaciyu s Omega > 1? (Can we have inflation with Omega > 1?)
Authors: Andrei Linde
Commets: 8 pages, 4 figs., extended version of the talk given at the conference COSMO-01, September 4, 2001, Rovaniemi, Finland
"Esli nel'zya, no ochen' hochetsya, to mozhno". Predstavlen klass modelei, gde plotnost' bol'she kriticheskoi. Avtor otmechaet, chto modeli maloprivlekatel'ny i trebuyut podgonki. T.o. predskazanie inflyacii o blizosti plotnosti k kriticheskoi ostaetsya v sile.
astro-ph/0303246 Vosstanovlenie izobrazhenii metodom maksimuma entropii s ispol'zovaniem veivletov (Maximum-entropy image reconstruction using wavelets)
Authors: Klaus Maisinger, M.P. Hobson and A.N. Lasenby
Commets: 21 pages, 20 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Eta stat'ya budet polezna ne tol'ko astronomam. Tam est' i teoriya, i mnogo naglyadnyh primerov. Eto ne obzor, a skoree horoshee nebol'shoe uchebnoe posobie.
astro-ph/0303257 Modelirovanie normal'nyh spiral'nyh galaktik (Simulations of Normal Spiral Galaxies)
Authors: Roelof Bottema
Commets: Accepted for publication in: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astron. Soc. The astro-ph copy has a few figures with degraded resolution. A copy with high quality graphics (4281 kb) can be downloaded from the kapteyn institute weg page at http://www.astro.rug.nl (Goto preprints and preprints 2003)
Modelirovanie galaktik - neprostoe zanyatie. Dlya togo, chtoby poluchit' strukturu nedostatochno pol'zovat'sya tol'ko metodom mnogih tel, ili naoborot tol'ko gidrodinamikoi. V dannoi stat'e opisyvayutsya vychisleniya, vklyuchayushie v sebya zvezdy, gaz (s uchetom ohlazhdeniya i nagreva), zvezdoobrazovanie i sverhnovye (kotorye v svoyu ochered' vliyayut na gaz). V obshem: slozhno i interesno. Stat'ya bol'shaya (30 zhurnal'nyh stranic), zato s kartinkami....
astro-ph/0303261 kachestvennaya teoriya lizirovannyh kvazarov (Qualitative Theory for Lensed QSOs)
Authors: Prasenjit Saha (QMW London), Liliya L.R. Williams (U Minnesota)
Commets: 26 pages, incl. 15 figs; accepted to AJ; java applet available at http://ankh-morpork.maths.qmw.ac.uk/~saha/astron/lens/
Nablyudatel'nye harakteristiki kvazarov s neskol'kimi izobrazheniyami (iz-za gravitacionnogo linzirovaniya) obladayut celym ryadom model'no-nezavisimyh svoistv, kotorye mozhno vyvesti iz ochen' prostyh soobrazhenii. Eti ideyu illyustriruyutsya na celom ryade real'no nablyudaemyh sistem. Na saite avtora deistvuet java-applet.
astro-ph/0303262 Nablyudenie effekta Syunyaeva-Zel'dovicha "ryadom s domom" (Observing the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect Closer to Home)
Authors: James E. Taylor, Kavilan Moodley & J. M. Diego
Commets: 5 pages, 3 figures; submitted to MNRAS
Samoe moshnoe proyavleniem effekta Syunyaeva-Zel'dovicha mozhet nablyudat'sya pochti u "nashego poroga" - na galo galaktiki M31. Zona ponizhennoi yarkosti reliktovogo fona budet imet' razmer poryadka 10 gradusov. Takoi bol'shoi razmer ne uproshaet, a zatrudnyaet ee obnaruzhenie.
lekciya astro-ph/0303272 Obilie elementov v kosmose (Element Abundances through the Cosmic Ages)
Authors: Max Pettini
Commets: Lectures given at the XIII Canary Islands Winter School of Astrophysics, osmochemistry: The Melting Pot of Elements'. To be published by Cambridge University Press; 42 pages, 33 figures
Bol'shoi material, gde v "pedagogicheskoi" forme izlozheny sovremennye dannye po nablyudeniyu obiliya elementov ot nashim okrestnostei do bol'shih krasnyh smeshenii. Konechno zhe, opisyvaetsya i teoretieskoe ponimanie etoi problemy.
astro-ph/0303274 IGR J16318-484 - rentgenovskii istochnik v plotnoi obolochke? (IGR J16318-4848: an X-ray source in a dense envelope?)
Authors: M. Revnivtsev et al. (MPA, Garching, Germany; IKI, Moscow, Russia)
Commets: Accepted for publication in Astronomy Letters
Eto odna iz pervyh otechestvennyh statei (a mozhet byt' prosto pervaya), napisannaya po dannym zapushennogo v konce 2002 gody sputnika INTEGRAL. Zhestkii rentgenovskii IGR J16318-4848 otkryt s INTEGRALa, zatem ego udalos' obnaruzhit' v arhivnyh dannyh yaponskogo sputnika ASCA (1994), no tam on ne byl identificirovan. Istochnik obladaet sovershenno neobychnymi svoistvami - pohozhe on svetit cherez tolstyi sloi veshestva - ranee takogo nigde ne nablyudalos'. Pervaya predlozhennaya model' - akkreciruyushii iz zvezdnogo vetra istochnik v massivnoi dvoinoi sisteme.
astro-ph/0303280 Obrazovanie raspredeleniya dvoinyh sistem po orbital'nym periodam v rezul'tate vozdeistviya mezhzvezdnoi turbulentnosti (A Turbulent Interstellar Medium Origin of the Binary Period Distribution)
Authors: Robert T. Fisher
Commets: 40 pages, 7 figures
Opisana poluempiricheskaya model' obrazovaniya dvoinyh sistem. Osnovnye orbital'nye parametry svyazany s parametrami turbulentnosti v materinskom molekulyarnom oblake. Kachestvenno avtoru udaetsya ob'yasnit' osnovnye svoistva raspredelenii dvoinyh po periodam i nekotorye drugie korrelyacii.
miniobzor astro-ph/0303296 Magnitary v eru poslesvechenii (Magnetars in the afterglow era)
Authors: D. Eichler, Y. Lyubarsky, C. Thompson, P.Woods
Commets: 8 pages, 1 fig. To appear in Proc. Marsala workshop "Pulsars, AXPs and SGRs observed with BeppoSAX and other observatories"
"V mire skazok tozhe est' bulochki". U istochnikov myagkih povtoryayushihsya gamma-vspleskov tozhe est' rentgenovskie poslesvecheniya. Avtory pokazyvayut, kak etot fenomen nahodit svoe ob'yasnenie v ramkah naibolee populyarnyi na segodnyashnii den' magnitarnoi gipotezy.
obzor hep-th/0303095 Kosmologiya i miry na brane: obzor (Cosmology and Brane Worlds: A Review)
Authors: Philippe Brax, Carsten van de Bruck
Commets: 37 pages; invited topical review for Classical and Quantum Gravity; to appear
Bol'shoi obzor s polutorasotnei ssylok. Bez formul v etom dele ne oboitis', no beglyi prosmotr pokazyvaet, chto mozhno prorvat'sya!

Arhiv statei, voshedshih v predydushie vypuski.
Razdely arhiva (s iyulya 2002 g.):
obzory, kosmologiya, neitrino, kosmicheskie luchi i gamma-astronomiya, galaktiki, AYaG, kvazary, nasha Galaktika, mezhzvezdnaya sreda, zvezdy, sverhnovye, ostatki sverhnovyh, chernye dyry, neitronnye zvezdy, linzirovanie, Solnce, ekzoplanety, Solnechnaya sistema, akkreciya, tesnye dvoinye sistemy, gamma-vspleski, gravitacionnye volny, mehanizmy izlucheniya, chislennoe modelirovanie, dinamika, mehanika metody obrabotki dannyh, MGD, metody nablyudenii, budushie nablyudatel'nye proekty, prochee.
Poleznye astronomicheskie ssylki.
Obzornye stat'i v astro-ph s 2001 g.

Sergei Popov
Mihail Prohorov

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